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anatomy > Female reproductive system > Flashcards

Female reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

What begins to develop in the 5th week?

A

gonads in both sexes begin to develop as masses of intermediate mesoderm called gonadal ridges

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2
Q

Where do gonadal ridges form?

A

dorsal abdominal wall

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3
Q

Mesonephric ducts

A

future male ducts

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4
Q

Paramesonephric ducts

A

future female ducts

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5
Q

Week 5 and 6 mark?

A

the indifferent stage
both sexes have identical internal and external primordial structures

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6
Q

female embryos

A

sexual differentiation begins in week 8

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7
Q

ovarian follicles

A

formed from cortical portion of immature ovaries

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8
Q

Paramesonephric ducts become?

A

uterus
uterine tubes
superior part of vagina
mesonephric ducts degenerate

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9
Q

genital tubercle

A

projection on their external perineal surface in both sexes during the indifferent stage

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10
Q

The urogenital sinus

A

future urethra and bladder lies deep to the tubercle

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11
Q

Urethral groove

A

serves as the external opening of the urogenital sinus, runs between the genital tubercle and anus and is laterally flanked by the urethral folds and labioscrotal swellings

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12
Q

Week 8

A

rapid development of external genitalia

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13
Q

week 8 in females

A

genital tubercle becomes the clitoris
urethral folds become labia minora
labioscrotal swellings become the labia majora
urethral groove persists as the vestibule

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14
Q

week 8 in males

A

genital tubercle enlarges
urethral folds fuse in the midline to form the penile urethra
labioscrotal swellings join midline and become the scrotum

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15
Q

Mons pubis

A

rounded fatty eminence overlying the pubic symphysis

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16
Q

Labia majora

A

prominent outer folds of the skin that contain subcutaneous fat and the termination of the round ligament of the uterus
external aspect covered with pigmented skin containing sebaceous glands

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17
Q

Labia minora

A

inner folds of fat-free skin
have a core of spongy connective tissue that contains erectile tissue and many small blood vessels
internal aspect contains many sensory endings

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18
Q

Clitoris

A

an erectile organ located where the labia minora meet anteriorly
consists of a root and a body which are composed of 2 cura, 2 corpora cavernosa, and the glans of the clitoris covered by a prepuce

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19
Q

Vestibule

A

space surrounded by the labia minora that contains the openings of the urethra, vagina, and the ducts of the greater and lesser vestibular glands

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20
Q

Bulbs of vestibule

A

paired masses of elongated erectile tissue situated along the sides of the vaginal orifice deep to bulbospongiosus
homologous with the bulb of the penis and corpus spongiosum

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21
Q

Vestibular glands

A

greater vestibular glands on each side of the vestibule posterior to the vaginal orifice
glands open into the vestibule and secrete mucus during sexual arousal
lesser vestibular glands open between the urethral and vaginal orifices and secrete mucus

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22
Q

Ischiocavernosus

A

maintains erection of the clitoris by compressing outflow veins

23
Q

Bulbospobgiosus

A

“sphincter” of the vagina
assists in the erection of the clitoris and bulb of the vestibule and compresses the greater vestibular gland

24
Q

Superficial transverse perineal muscle

A

supports and fixes the perineal body and pelvic floor to support viscera

25
Q

Vagina

A

a mostly subperitoneal musculomembranous tube that extends from the cervix of the uterus to the vestibule of the vagina
serves as a canal for menstrual fluid
forms the inferior part of birth canal

26
Q

Vaginal fornix

A

recess around the protruding cervix
has anterior, posterior, and lateral parts

27
Q

Arteries of the vagina

A

supplying the superior part of the vagina derive from the uterine arteries
middle and inferior parts derive from the vaginal and internal pudendal arteries

28
Q

Veins of the vagina

A

form plexuses along the sides of the vagina and within the vaginal mucosa and drain into the internal iliac veins via the uterine veins

29
Q

structures of the ovaries

A

small organs held in place by ligaments and mesenteries

30
Q

Ovaries

A

almond-shaped organs typically found near the attachment of the broad ligament to the lateral pelvic walls

31
Q

How are the ovaries suspended?

A

suspended by peritoneal folds:
mesovarium and suspensory ligament of the ovary

32
Q

Uterus

A

a hollow thick-walled muscular organ
receives, retains, and nourishes the fertilized egg

33
Q

Body of uterus

A

includes the rounded fundus, relatively constricted isthmus and the uterine horns; freely movable

34
Q

Cervix

A

the cylindrical, narrow inferior part of the uterus

35
Q

Perimetrium

A

outer serous coat, consists of peritoneum and ct

36
Q

Myometrium

A

middle muscular coat that distends significantly during pregnancy, the main branches of blood vessels and nerves located here

37
Q

Endometrium

A

inner mucous layer, which adheres firmly to the myometrium and is involved in the menstrual cycle
if conception occurs the blastocyst is implanted here otherwise the inner surface of this coat is shed during menstruation

38
Q

Where do the fallopian tubes extend?

A

extend laterally from the uterine horns and open into the peritoneal cavity near the ovaries
Uterine tubes have no contact with the ovaries; ovulated oocyte is cast into the peritoneal cavity

39
Q

Infundibulum (part of fallopian tube)

A

funnel-shaped distal end opens into the peritoneal cavity (fimbriae)

40
Q

Ampulla (part of the fallopian tubes)

A

Widest and longest parts

41
Q

Isthmus (fallopian tubes)

A

Enters uterine horn

42
Q

Uterine portion (fallopian tubes)

A

short intramural segment

43
Q

Broad ligament of the uterus

A

a double layer of peritoneum that extends from the sides of the uterus to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis

44
Q

What does the broad ligament contain?

A

ovaries
uterine tubes
vasculature that serves them

45
Q

suspensory ligament of the ovary

A

a lateral extension of the broad ligament over the ovarian vessels

46
Q

Mesovarium

A

the portion of the broad ligament suspending the ovary

47
Q

Mesosalpinx

A

suspends the uterine tube

48
Q

Mesometrium

A

the major part of the broad ligament of the uterus

49
Q

Mammary glands

A

modified sweat glands found in superficial body wall

50
Q

Suspensory ligaments of breast

A

thickenings of fascia that anchor breast to skin and separate glandular and fat lobules

51
Q

Lobules drain into….

A

lactiferous ducts which open on the nipple

52
Q

retromammary space

A

a potential space b/n breast and underlying deep pectoral fascia- allows some degree of movement of breast

53
Q

Pelvic floor injury

A

Structures susceptible to injury: levator ani and pelvic fascia

54
Q

Hysterectomy

A

excision of the uterus is performed thru the lower abdominal wall or the vagina

anatomy (10 decks)

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