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botany > Fruits > Flashcards

Fruits Flashcards

everything to know about fruits

1
Q

What is a fruit?

A

a mature ovary with a seed and endosperm inside

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2
Q

What is a fruits function?

A

to protect the seed, attract fruit-eating animals, aid in dispersal of seeds

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3
Q

Where does the seed develop in an angiosperm?

A

Ovule

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4
Q

Where does the fruit develop in an angiosperm?

A

Ovary

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5
Q

What is an aggregate fruit?

A

a cluster of fruit from a single flower

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6
Q

What are some examples of an aggregate fruit?

A

Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry

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7
Q

What is a multiple fruit?

A

a cluster of many ripened fruits from multiple flowers crowded together in the same inflorescence

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8
Q

What are some examples of Multiple fruit?

A

Pineapple, Mulberry, Osage-orange

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9
Q

What is a fleshy fruit?

A

fruit with a soft pericarp at maturity

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10
Q

What are different types of fleshy fruit?

A

berry, pepo, hesperidium, drupe, pome

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11
Q

What are the different parts of a fruit?

A

Seed, and pericarp

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12
Q

What are the different parts of a pericarp?

A

endocarp, mesocarp, and exocarp

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13
Q

What is a berry?

A

fruit with a fleshy pericarp but tough skin

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14
Q

What are examples of Berries?

A

Grape, tomato, Bananna, Blueberry

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15
Q

What is a pepo fruit?

A

fruit with a hard thick rind (gourds)

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16
Q

What are some examples of a pepo fruit?

A

watermelon, squash, cucumber

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17
Q

What is a hesperidium fruit?

A

a berry with a leathery rind and parchment-like partitions between sections (citrus)

18
Q

What are some examples of hesperidium fruit?

A

Orange, lemon, lime, cumquat

19
Q

What is a drupe?

A

a fleshy fruit with a hard inner layer (endocarp or stone) surrounding the seed

20
Q

What are some examples of a drupe?

A

Peach, Cherry, Almond

21
Q

What is a pome?

A

Ovary or core surrounded by fleshy receptacle tissue (hypanthium or fleshy floral tube)

22
Q

What are examples of a Pome?

A

Apple, Pear

23
Q

What are dry fruit?

A

Fruit that have a dry pericarp at maturity

24
Q

What are the two types of dry fruit

A

dehiscent and indehiscent

25
Q

What makes a fruit dehiscent?

A

Dry fruit that splits along a seam

26
Q

What are examples of dehiscent fruit?

A

legumes and capsules

27
Q

What makes a fruit indehiscent?

A

Pericarp doesn’t split open, usually only has one seed

28
Q

What are examples of indehiscent fruit?

A

achenes, samara, nut

29
Q

What is a legume?

A

a dehiscent fruit, elongated bean pod that splits along two seams

30
Q

what are examples of a legume?

A

peas, honey locust, KY coffee tree, black locust, redbud

31
Q

How do legumes produce nitrogen?

A

Rhizobia (a host bacteria in root nodules of legumes) take nitrogen out of air and convert it into usable nitrogen

Rhizobia and legumes have a mutualistic symbiotic relationship

32
Q

What is the agricultural importance of Legumes?

A

Provide Nitrogen to cereal crops and grass

33
Q

What is the Ecological importance of Legumes

A

Importance source of nitrogen in many food webs

34
Q

What is the dietary importance of Legumes?

A

Nutrient dense, great source of protein, high in fiber

35
Q

What is a capsule fruit?

A

dehiscent dry fruit, with seed pods that split in various ways along several well defined seams

36
Q

What are examples of Capsule fruits?

A

Catapula, sweet gum

37
Q

What is an achene fruit?

A

an indehiscent dry fruit, small nut, very small one seeded fruit, usually produced in clusters

38
Q

Examples of Achene fruit?

A

Buttercups, Sycamore

39
Q

What is a samara fruit?

A

and indehiscent dry fruit, small, winged, one seeded, produced in clusters on tree

40
Q

What are example of samara fruit?

A

maple, ash

41
Q

What is a nut?

A

large, idehiscent, dry one seeded fruit, with a very hard pericarp, usually incased in husk or cup like involucre

42
Q

Examples of a nut?

A

acorn, beechnut, walnut

botany (31 decks)

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