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BDS3 Past Papers & Quizzes > MSA 2012 > Flashcards

MSA 2012 Flashcards

1
Q

3 materials used for crowns

A

metal (gold, nickel, chromium, titanium)

metal ceramic (porcelain fused to metal)

all ceramic (milled)

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2
Q

4 types of post

A

smooth/threaded/serrated

parallel or tapered

metal/fibre

prefabricated/casted

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3
Q

name given to residual collar of dentine required before placing a post

A

ferrule

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4
Q

how much GP should be left in the canal space when placing a post

A

4-5mm apically

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5
Q

key purpose of post placement

A

to provide resistance, retention and geometric form to the otherwise compromised crown of the tooth

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6
Q

width of taper required for MCC crown

A

5-9 degrees

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7
Q

2 types of bone loss

A

horizontal

vertical

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8
Q

3 ways dose to pt reduced in normal radiographic technique

A

collimation

lead lined film packet

film speed

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9
Q

describe Compton scatter and how it differs from photoelectric effect

A

interaction of x-ray photon with loosely bound outer electron of atom. Electron is ejected due to greater energy of photon.

  • Photon has lower energy after collision and undergoes change in direction

in photoelectric effect, there is interaction of the photon with the inner shell electron

  • complete absorption of the photon and no scatter
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10
Q

metal used to absorb heat energy generated during X-ray production

A

copper

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11
Q

2 other metals (not copper) used in x-ray production

A

tungsten

alumnium

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12
Q

mental nerve is a branch of

A

inferior alveolar nerve

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13
Q

remove a retained root in 44

what type of surgical flap should be used

A

2 sided envelope flap - crevicular incision with distal relieving incision

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14
Q

EADT

EAT

(paeds)

A

extra alveolar dry time

extra alveolar time

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15
Q

3 potential storage mediums for an avulsed tooth

A

saliva

milk

saline

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16
Q

2 key points of information you would give to someone phoning up about avulsion

A

handle by the crown of the tooth

wash off any debris and if possible re-implant and get child to bite gently onto tissue

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17
Q

splint used in subluxation

min time in place

A

flexible splint

2 weeks

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18
Q

fluoride regime for high risk 4 year old

A

pea-sized 1450ppm fluoride toothpaste

apply fluroide varnish an additional 2 times a year (total = 4)

0.5mg fluoride supplements

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19
Q

what age is it suitable to deliver mouthwash to paediatric pt

A

7

if able to demonstrate able to swirl and spit

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20
Q

fluoride toxic dose

A

5mg/kg

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21
Q

tx of 5mg/kg F toxic dose

A

give calcium orally (milk)

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22
Q

tx 5-15mg/kg F toxic dose

A

give calcium orally (milk, calcium gluconate)

admit to hospital

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23
Q

tx >15mg/kg F toxic dose

A

admit to hospital immediately

cardiac monitoring, life support (IV calcium gluconate)

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24
Q

retention of denture design feature

A

extension of flanges to function depth of sulcus and incorporation of post dam

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25
Q

stability of denture design feature

A

no interference with frenal attachments

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26
Q

materials that can be used in primary impression stage

A

impression compound

polyvinyl siloxane

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27
Q

impression compoud

A
  • mucocompressive - displaces the tissues meaning a more accurate record can be taken with the master impression
    • resulting in a denture which is tight fitting to tissues
  • relatively cheap
  • re-usable
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28
Q

polyvinyl siloxane

A
  • low permanent deformation
  • more accurate (less viscoelastic) than hydrocolloids
  • more tear resistant than hydrocolloids
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29
Q

thickness of shimstock

A

8 microns

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30
Q

name this shape

A

Posselt’s envelope

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31
Q

RCP

A

Retruded contact position

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32
Q

ICP

A

intercuspal position

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33
Q

Pr

A

maximum protrusion

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34
Q

R

A

maximal mandibular opening with the condylar heads in the reproducible retruded position but no antero-inferior condylar translation

  • arc (retruded arc of closure) has its centre of rotation passing through condylar heads (terminal hinge axis)- termed centric relation (CR)
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35
Q

T

A

maximal mandibular opening with full antero-inferior translation of the condylar heads

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36
Q

E

A

edge-to-edge position of incisors

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37
Q

RCP-ICP

A

path is termed a slide

  • potential for horizontal, vertical and lateral components (lateral element cannot be seen in sagittal plane)
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38
Q

supracrestal attachment in mm

A

2mm

39
Q

chlorohexidine commonly used to tx perio disease

3 other instances where it can be used

A

post periodontal or oral surgery

physically or mentally impaired pts

immunocompromised pts

(adjunct to OH)

40
Q

give a way in which chlorohexidine is dimished in efficacy by the pt

A

may use it only once a day when should use it twice daily

may not rinse it around the mouth for the required amount of time (1min)

41
Q

substantivity

A

persistence of action of a drug

42
Q

TID on prescription means

A

three times a day

(ter in die (latin))

43
Q

phenytoin side effect

A

ginival hyperplasia

44
Q

3 drugs which can cause gingival hyperplasia

A

phenytoin

cyclosporin A

nifedipine

45
Q

2 ways to tx gingival hyperplasia

A

gingivectomy

high standard oral hygiene and hygiene phase therapy

46
Q

3 clincal signs of ANUG (acute nectorising ulcerative gingivitis)

A

pain

bleeding

halitosis

47
Q

Antibiotic for ANUG

A

metronidazole 400mg 3x day 3days (SDCEP)

48
Q

when would you given antibiotics for ANUG

A

only after systemic involvement (e.g. lymphadenopathy)

49
Q

5As in smoking cessation

A

ask

assess

advise

assist

arrange

50
Q

3As in smoking cessation

A

ask

advice

act

51
Q

5Rs of motivation

A

relevant benefits

rewards

risks

roadblock

repeat

52
Q

what periodontal phenomenon is experience by smokers when trying to quit

A

rebound gingivitis - due to increased vascular supply to gingival tissues

53
Q

5 indications to extract a tooth

A

tooth is non-restorable

symptomatically partially erupted

trauamatic position

orthodontic indications

interference with construction of denture

54
Q

2 drugs to be careful of when extracting

A

aspirin

warfarin

55
Q

aspirin reason for caution on extraction

A

antiplatelet

risk of clot failing to form after extraction

56
Q

warfarin reason for caution on extraction

A

anticoagulant

inhibits clotting factors 2, 7, 9 and 10

risk uncontrolled bleeding after extraction

57
Q

4 tx for pt if complain of persistent bleeding after extraction (1 day ago)

A

get pt to bite down on damp gauze

LA with vasoconstrictor

oxidised cellulose which provides framework for clots

suture socket (interrupted or horizontal mattress)

58
Q

anterior crossbite lab prescrition

A

A

  • Z sping 0.5mm HSSW (one coil a week)

R

  • 14, 16, 24, 26 Adam’s clasp 0.7mm HSSW

A

  • OK

B

  • self cure PMMA
  • posterior bite plane
59
Q

posterior crossbite lab priscription

A

A

  • mid palatal screee

R

  • 14, 16, 24, 26 adam’s clasp 0.7 HSSW

A

  • ok

B

  • self cure PMMA
  • posterior bite plane
60
Q

retracting canines

A

A

  • palatal finger spring and guard, 13 and 23, 0.7mm HSSW

R

  • adam’s clasps, 16, 26; 0.7mm HSSW
  • southend clasp; 11, 21; 0.7mm HSSW

A

  • ok

B

  • self cure PMMA
  • self
61
Q

moving canines palatally lab prescription

A

A

  • buccal canine retractor; 13, 23; 0.5mm HSSW and 0.5mm I.D. tubing

R

  • adam’s clasps; 16, 26; 0.7mm HSSW

A

  • ok

B

  • self cure PMMA
62
Q

overbite lab presciption

A

A

  • Robert’s retractor; 21, 22; 0.5HSSW and 0.5 ID tubing

R

  • adam’s clasp; 16, 26; 0.7mm HSSW

A

  • ok

B

  • self cure PMMA
  • flat anterior bite plane OJ + 3mm
63
Q

fitting of URA

A
  • ensure it is the right appliance for the right pt
  • ensure appliances matches prescription
  • ensure fitting surfaces free of sharp edges
  • check wire integrity
  • fit in the pts mouth and assess for any areas of blanching or trauma
  • check posterior retention (flyovers, arrowheads)
  • check anterior retention
  • activate components to induce 1mm tooth movement per month
  • get pt to demo insertion and removal
  • see pt every 4-6 weeks
64
Q

6 pt instruction for URA

A
  • wear 24/7 including mealtimes
  • take it out and clean with soft brush after every meal
  • avoid hard and sticky foods and sugary drinks
  • be cautious of hot foods and drinks as base plate acts as insulator
  • non-compliance will significantly lengthen tx
  • supply pt with emergency contact number
65
Q

4 types of porositiy which can be generated in URA or full denture production (self cure PMMA)

A

contraction porosity

gaseous porosity

crazing

granularity

66
Q

sugery used to repair cleft lip and palate

A

orthognathic surgery

67
Q

what drug conteracts benzodiazepine sedation

A

flumazenil

68
Q

to have capacity:

4 aspects

A

to understand, to act and communicate a reasoned decision, to retain memory of decision

69
Q

5 principles of consent

A

not manipulated

not coerced

informed

given with capacity

voluntary

70
Q

glycated haemoglobian

A

HbA1c

average plasma glucose concentration (long term)

higher HbA1c - higher risk of developing diabetes related complications

71
Q

xerostomia reasons

A
  • removed salivary gland or absent salivary gland (congential)
  • drugs
    • antihypertensive (ACE inhibitors) phentolamine, benzopril
    • antidepressants - citalopram, fluoxetine
    • beta blockers - propranolol
    • anti-diuretics - bendrafluazide
  • polypharmacy
  • non-drug related
    • diabetes, sjorgen’s syndrome
72
Q

method of LA for haemophillia

A

infiltration

73
Q

method of LA for warfarin

A

if INR below 4 and under control - safe to give IDB

74
Q

optimum dose F in drinking water

A

1ppm

75
Q

foods and drinks which have added fluoride (not water) by manufacturers

A

salt

milk

76
Q

4 methods of topical fluoride application in 8 year old

A

fluoride varnish - 22600ppm

fluoride toothpaste - 1450ppm

fluoride mouthwash - 225ppm

fluoride supplements - 1mg

77
Q

3 mechanisms by which topical fluoride helps prevent caries

A

promotes remineralisation

converts hydroxyapatite to fluorapatite (F replaced OH) resulting in strengthening of tooth surface

78
Q

daily dose of F table of 4yo high risk caries and lives in area of less than 0.3ppm water fluoride

A

0.5mg

79
Q

rational for use of antibiotics in perio tx (3)

A
  • perio is caused by bacteria
  • some bacteria are inaccessible to debridement
    • e.g. they have invaded dentine tubules and tissues
    • non dental areas - tonsils, tongue affected
  • systemic signs of infection
80
Q

problems limiting use of AB in perio tx (5)

A
  • antibiotics may inactivate or degrade by non-target oragnisms
  • biofilms - resist AB
  • allergic reactions
  • resistance
  • superinfection
81
Q

in which perio situations would it be appropriate to prescribe AB

A
  • periodontal abscesses or ANUG with systemic involvement
  • ongoing disease despite meticulous mechanical therapy and good OH
  • medically compromised pts
82
Q

3 reasons for carrying obturation of prepared root canals

A
  • prevent bacteria left in the canal after obturation escaping to surrounding periodontal space - via apical foramen and lateral canals
  • prevent bacteria from infecting root tissue via coronal leakage
  • prevent infectin of root from periradicular exudate via apical forament, lateral canals
83
Q

describe stages in obturating root canal in upper central incisor

A

cold lateral compaction technique

  • choose appropriate GP master file cone corresponding to final extirpating file
  • mark the length of the canal preparation on the cone
  • check tug back
  • cover in root canal sealer (epoxy resin) and place in canal
  • place in accessory cones covered in sealer utilising a finger spreader (2mm from apical stop)
  • using a hot excavator, cut the coronal end of the GP just below the ACJ
84
Q

which part of the canal filling is most important in ensuring long term success of tx

A

coronal seal (determines the success of the final restoration)

85
Q

vertical interproximal bone loss with perio

2 theories

A
  1. plaque causes destruction within 2mm radius, if a bone is >2mm thick an angular bone defect may occur
  2. occlusion with bacterial plaque is a causative factor in perio attachment loss and bone destruction. Inflammation of gingivae occurs and this spreads to the PDL resulting in an area of co-destruction - produces vertical bone defect due to local trauma which exacerbates it
86
Q

horizontal bone loss in molars significant when

A

it involves furcation

87
Q

4 tx options for quadrant after HPT and excellent OH but persistent pockets >5mm

A
  1. non surgical re-treat with HPT
  2. surgical open flap curettage/debridement
  3. do nothing
  4. extract
88
Q

tooth brushing regimes for children as per SIGN 83 guideline

A

modified bass technique

  • hold the toothbrush at 45 degrees to the tooth to get under the gum line
  • horizontal strokes
  • 1 tooth at a time
  • be methodical - start in upper right proceed to upper left then lower left and lower right
89
Q

diet diary kept for

A

3 days (1 day is a weekend day)

90
Q

2 most common models of disability

A

social model

medical model

91
Q

social model of disability

A

is caused by the way society is organised rather than person’s impairment

looks at removing barriers that restrict people’s lives

92
Q

medical model of disability

A

people are disabled by their impairments

these impairment should be fixed by medical or other tx

93
Q

2 pieces of UK legistlation for disability

A

equality act 2010

disability discrimination act 2004

BDS3 Past Papers & Quizzes (14 decks)

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