Dietary Management of Inpatients Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 5 vitals?

A
  • 3 vitals = TPR assessment
  • 4th vital - pain
  • 5th vital - nutritional assessment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the body condition score assessment?

A

Method for evaluating body fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are critically ill patients more at risk of?

A
  • malnutrition
  • acute and chronic illness
  • inflammation induced stress-related catabolism
  • drug-induced adverse effects may reduce appetite or increase nausea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are some indicators for malnutrition?

A
  • unintentional weight loss
  • poor coat condition
  • muscle wastage
  • delayed wound healing
  • hypoalbuminaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are some risk factors for malnutrition?

A
  • anorexia
  • severe underlying disease
  • pancreatitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is RER?

A

function of metabolic body size. and represents the energy requirement of the patient while at rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the RER calculation for animals between 2kg and 30kg?

A

30 x bodyweight + 70 = RER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the RER calculation for patients under 2kg and 30kg+?

A

70 x (bodyweight)*0.75

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is MER?

A

maintenance energy requirement including the energy needed for obtaining, digesting and absorbing food in amount to maintain body weight and energy for spontaneous exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the calculation for MER?

A

140 x (bodyweight)*0.75

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what percentage of a hospitalised dog and cats diet should protein be?

A

dogs - 15-25%
cats - 25-35%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does GE, DE, ME, and NE mean?

A

GE - Gross energy
DE - digestible energy
ME - metabolise energy
NE - net energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the definition of malnutrition?

A

an imbalance of nutrients and includes both nutrients deficiencies and nutrient excess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the definition of nutrition?

A

how the body receives and processes food for growth, development, maintenance and repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are macronutrients?

A

energy producing
- carbohydrate - fat - protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are micronutrients?

A

non - energy producing
- water - minerals - vitamins

17
Q

how many kcals are in 1g of carb?

A

3.5 kcals

18
Q

how many kcals are in 1g of fat?

A

8.7 kcals

19
Q

how many kcals are in 1g of protein?

A

3.5 kcals

20
Q

how many calories is required to raise the temp of 1ml of water by 1 degree?

A

1 calorie

21
Q

what can dogs synthesise that cats cannot?

A

taurine

22
Q

what is important to aid in the conversion of ammonia to urea?

A

arginine

23
Q

what happens to excess amino acids?

A

excreted by the liver and kidneys = urea

24
Q

what are proteins needed for?

A
  • energy
  • growth and maintenance
  • repair
25
Q

what can a deficiency of protein due to?

A
  • anorexia
  • poor quality protein
  • insufficient protein
26
Q

what can a deficiency of protein lead to?

A
  • poor growth
  • poor body condition
  • weight loss
27
Q

what can a excess of protein lead to?

A
  • renal damage
    which leads to:
    - osteochondrosis
    - cervical spondylomyelopathy
  • taurine deficiency in cats
    which leads to:
    - renal degeneration
    - dilated cardiomyopathy
28
Q

what is fat needed for?

A
  • energy
  • to absorb ADEK
  • provide EFAS
  • increase palatability
29
Q

what are the essential fatty acids in cats and dogs?

A
  • linoleic
  • linolenic
  • arachidonic
30
Q

what do cats get linolenic fatty acid from?

A

Linoleic

31
Q

where do dogs get linolenic and arachidonic from?

A

linoleic

32
Q

what is the EFA for a dog?

A

linoleic

33
Q

what is the EFA for a cat?

A

linoleic and arachidonic

34
Q

what are some types of carbohydrates?

A
  • starches
  • sugar
  • monosaccharides
  • disaccharides
  • oligosaccharides
  • polysaccharides
35
Q

what are the journey of carbohydrates?

A

polysaccharides into disaccharides into monosaccharides

36
Q

how much water is lost from urine from cats/dogs a day?

A

20ml/kg/day

37
Q

how much water is lost from faeces from cats/dogs a day?

A

10-20ml/kg/day

38
Q

how much water is lost from respiration from cats/dogs a day?

A

20ml/kg/day