Module 18

Question 0

Periodic physiological fluctuations.

Answer 0

Biological rhythms

Question 1

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment.

Answer 1

Consciousness

Question 2

The biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24 hour cycle.

Answer 2

Circadian

Question 3

Rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active.

Answer 3

REM sleep

Question 4

The relatively slow brain waves of a very awake state.

Answer 4

Alpha waves

Question 5

Periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness– as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation. (Adapted from DeMent, 1999.)

Answer 5

Sleep

Question 6

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

Answer 6

Hallucinations

Question 7

The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.

Answer 7

Delta waves

Question 8

Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep.

Answer 8

Insomnia

Question 9

A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at an opportune times.

Answer 9

Narcolepsy

Question 10

A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.

Answer 10

Sleep apnea

Question 11

A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, or are seldom remembered.

Answer 11

Night terrors

Question 12

A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through the sleeping persons mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer’s delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it.

Answer 12

Dream

Question 13

According to Freud, the remembered storyline of the dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content).

Answer 13

Manifest content

Question 14

According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content). Freud believed that a dream’s Latent content functions as a safety valve.

Answer 14

Latent content

Question 15

The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep).

Answer 15

REM rebound