Clinical Case Example Cryptosporidiosis Flashcards
what are the two significant species of Cryptosporidium in humans?
C. parvum (zoonotic)
C. hominis
what is a cryptosporidium species that is in cattle and is zoonotic?
C. parvum
what kills children under the age of 5 every day more than AIDS and malaria?
diarrhea
what is the most common cause of waterborne diarrhea outbreaks in people?
Cryptosporidium
how does cryptosporidium affect immunocompromised vs immunocompetent people?
immunocompromised makes it more chronic and debilitating
what is the second leading cause of diarrhea in heifer calves?
Cryptosporidium
what does Cryptosporidium require to undergo exocystation?
stomach acids
digestive enzymes
bile acids
what is the goal of the infective oocysts?
to survive and shed more out into the environement
what does Cryptosporidium do to villus absorptive epithelial cells?
loss of villus absorptive epithelial cells -> malabsorption and maldigestion -> diarrhea
what is happening here? what is causing this?
villus atrophy/blunting
Cryptosporidium
what are the common clinical signs of Cryptosporidium?
watery diarrhea, dehydration, abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea and vomiting, fever, death
what are the treatment options for Cryptosporidium?
no effective drug treatment
no vaccines
supportive care
what is the only FDA approved drug for Cryptosporidium?
nitazoxanide
what are the modes of transmission for Cryptosporidium?
fecal oral
infected food, water, soil
what is the host of C. parvum, C. andersoni, C. bovis, C. ryanae?
cattle (calves)
