Interest Groups Flashcards

1
Q

organizations of people sharing a common interest; interest groups (lobbies) make policy-related appeals to the government

A

interest groups

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2
Q

individuals, organizations, or offices representing other interest group organizations; they are generally not open to broad public membership (e.g. Ford, Amazon, the NFL)

A

institutional interest groups

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3
Q

organizations open to public membership that allow members to gather to engage in civil or political action (e.g. AARP, ACLU, NAACP)

A

membership interest group

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4
Q

benefits for both interest group members and non-members

A

public goods

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5
Q

groups seeking to provide benefits (public goods) for the broader public beyond just the group’s members

A

public-interest groups

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6
Q

when people reap the benefits of interest group action but without participating in the group

A

free riding

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7
Q

money, services, or things with monetary value (e.g. discounts)

A

material incentives

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8
Q

benefits for an individual to obtain or spread knowledge

A

informational incentives

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9
Q

social rewards such as networking, friendships, or increased status

A

solidary incentives

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10
Q

character benefits gained from serving a cause or principle or emotions felt about a group’s cause

A

purposive incentives

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11
Q

interest group activity that involves influencing legislators to either approve or reject bills by providing them with specialist information

A

direct lobbying

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12
Q

interest group activity that involves establishing close relationships with legislators and public officials; it highlights the “revolving door” in politics, when legislators and public officials leave office to become lobbyists (and vice versa)

A

obtaining access

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13
Q

an interest group activity that involves filling or supporting lawsuits in the courts; examples include providing funding for individuals/groups and providing amicus curiae briefs for legal cases

A

litigation

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14
Q

interest group activities including voter mobilization, initiatives such as petitions and ballot measures, and campaign financing (e.g. political action committees)

A

electoral interest group processes

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15
Q

interest group activities that include organizing and/or supporting protests, marches, boycotts, and civil disobedience

A

public appeals

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16
Q

sociologist who proposed the theory of elitism in his 1956 book The Power Elite that only a small group of political, business, and military elites ultimately influence government and policymaking; ordinary people generally lack power and do not exert significant influence on the government; Mills asserted that the “power elite” are financially wealthy, hold the top positions in the most powerful sectors of society, are highly educated, graduate from prestigious universities, and are members of exclusive university social clubs

A

C. Wright Mills

17
Q

political scientist who supported the interest group theory of pluralism, in which many groups are in political competition to influence the government and policymaking; influence is ultimately shared between many groups; Dahl emphasized bottom-up political processes and their influence on government in New Haven, Connecticut in his 1961 study Who Governs? Democracy and Power in an American City

A

Robert Dahl

18
Q

political scientist who described the concept of interest-group liberalism in his 1969 book The End of Liberalism; Lowi argued that interest-group liberalism has largely resulted in the general public being shut out of government since the 1930s establishment and subsequent growth of the administrative state, along with increasing ties between resource-rich interest groups and the federal government

A

Theodore Lowi