Conformity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is social influence?

A

The influence of other people on our everyday thoughts, feelings, and behaviour.

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2
Q

To what does the term ‘compliance’ refer?

A

To publicly acting (via behaviour and expressed attitudes) according to social pressure, while privately disagreeing.

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3
Q

To what does the term ‘conformity’ refer?

A

To deep-seated, private, and enduring changes in behaviour and attitudes due to group pressure.

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4
Q

To what does the term ‘obedience’ refer?

A

To the undertaking of orders demanded by a person invested with authority.

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5
Q

What type of creatures are humans?

A

Social creatures

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6
Q

On what does the existence of cultures (as a collection of beliefs and behaviours) depend?

A

On conformity.

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7
Q

What reflects the fact that humans are conformist in nature?

A

Our following of the social conventions or norms of the group(s) in which we exist.

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8
Q

What is the standpoint of Western cultures on conformity?

A

That it is important not to conform, and rather that individuals should be celebrated.

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9
Q

How is conformity viewed by Western cultures?

A

As a negative concept associated with the inability to stick up for oneself and the issue of one being overly obedient to authority.

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10
Q

Which myth do Western cultures buy into?

A

The myth of the “lone genius”.

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11
Q

What is the standpoint of collectivist cultures on conformity?

A

That it is a positive concept that is associated with positive feelings, harmony and social connection.

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12
Q

What does Deutsch and Gerald’s (1955) two-process theory argue?

A

That there are two main reasons that individuals conform, based on two core human needs.

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13
Q

What are the two types of conformity according to Deutsch and Gerald’s (1955) two-process theory?

A
  • Informational social influence (ISI)
  • Normative social influence (NSI)
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14
Q

To what does the term ‘informational social influence’ refer?

A

To conformity resulting from a desire to be accurate.

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15
Q

To what does the term ‘normative social influence’ refer?

A

To conformity resulting from a desire to fit in and avoid social disapproval.

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16
Q

What is the result of normative social influence?

A

Public compliance with a group’s beliefs and behaviours, but not necessarily private acceptance of those beliefs and behaviours.

17
Q

What is the common result of informational social influence?

A

Private acceptance.

18
Q

By which desire is informational social influence driven?

A

The desire to form an accurate interpretation of reality and behave correctly.

19
Q

To what does the term ‘wisdom of crowds’ refer?

A

To the belief that a group majority’s interpretation of an ambiguous situation is more likely to be correct than one’s own interpretation of it.

20
Q

When is informational social influence most likely to occur?

A
  • When a situation is ambiguous.
  • During times of crisis.
  • When other members of the group are experts.
21
Q

What is the most crucial variable involved in becoming vulnerable to the influence of others?

A

Ambiguity

22
Q

What tends to happen the greater the uncertainty around a situation is?

A

An individual is likely to rely more on others.

23
Q

Why is informational social influence likely to occur in times of crisis?

A

Due to the time pressure that tends to be involved in critical situations.