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Histo III > The Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

The Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Which parts of the male reproductive tract produce elements of seminal fluid?

A

Seminal Vesicle
Prostate Gland

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2
Q

Transport of gametes starts in the…

A

testes

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3
Q

All seminiferous tubules drain into the…

A

mediastinum

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4
Q

Mediastinum

A

Dense CT with blood vessels
Contains rete testis

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5
Q

Where do gametes go after the rete testis?

A

Into the Efferent ductules

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6
Q

What epithelium is found in the Efferent ductules?

Efferent Ductules = Ductuli Efferentes

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Interspered with tall and short columnar cells

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7
Q

What is the difference between the short and tall columnar cells in the efferent ductues?

A

Short: microvilli - reabsorb fluid secreted in the seminiferous tubules
Tall: Cilia - move spermatids

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8
Q

Efferent Ductules Histology

A

Pseudostratified epithelium
Short and Tall columnar cells
Irregular appearance of lumen
CT between

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9
Q

From the Efferent Ductles, spermatids enter the…

A

Epididymis

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10
Q

What is the function of the epididymis?

A

Gamete maturation and storage

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11
Q

How are mature sperm modified in the epididymis?

A

Nuclear DNA condenses
Additional loss of cytoplasm
Alterations to acrosomal membrane (anterior pole)
Motility

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12
Q

What causes motility of spermatids?

A

Altered phosphatase activity regulated by cAMP, Ca2+, and intracellular pH

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13
Q

What epithelium is found in the epididymis?

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia

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14
Q

The Epididymis histologically

Epididymis = Ductus Epididymis

A

Lumen appears regular and smooth
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia

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15
Q

What is the function of stereocilia in the epididymis?

A

Detect lumen contents
Regulates secretion and absorption by principal cells in order to make the right environment for maturation and storage of sperm

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16
Q

Prinicpal cells in the epididymis function to…

A

reabsorb fluid
secrete glycosylated products that aid in sperm maturation
partiticpate in decapitation

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17
Q

Cells in the epididymis are sensitive to…

A

androgens

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18
Q

Decapacitation factor

A

Blocks binding of sperm to ZP

Blocks fertilization

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19
Q

Decapitation

A

Addition of decapacitation factor in the epididymis to block fertilization

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20
Q

Capacitation

A

Removal of decapacitation factor in the female reproductive tract to permit fertilization

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21
Q

Sperm exit the epididymis into the…

A

vas deferens

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22
Q

The vas deferens joins with the _ duct near the bladder to form the _.

A

Seminal vesicle
Ejaculatory Duct

23
Q

What is the flow of semen production?

A

Testes → seminiferous tubule → straight tubule → rete testis → efferent ductules → epididymis → vas deferens → vas deferens joins seminal vesical → ejaculatory duct → prostate → urethra

24
Q

What is the function of the vas deferens?

Vas deferens = Ductus Deferens

A

Carry sperm through the spermatic cord to prostatic urethra

25
Q

What epithelium lines the vas deferens?

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia

26
Q

What differentiates the vas deferens from the epididymis?

A

Thick muscular layer (2-3 layers)

27
Q

What are the three muscular layers of the vas deferens?

A

Inner longitudinal
Middle circular
Outer longitudinal

28
Q

Pampiniform plexus

A

Found near the vas deferens
Veins with bundles of longitduinal muscle in the tunia intima and tunica adventitia

29
Q

Vas deferens histologically

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Inner longitudinal
Middle circular
Outer longitudinal
Pamipiniform plexus nearby

29
Q

Where is the prostate gland located?

A

Wrapped around the urethra

30
Q

What is the function of the prostate gland?

A

Releases product into the urethra

31
Q

What is the product released from the prostate gland into the urethra?

A

Slightly alkaline fluid that contains enzymes that maintain seminal fluid as liquid

32
Q

Does prostate disease effect urethral function? Why or Why not?

A

Yes
The prostate surrounds the urethra so inflammation or hypertrophy can impact urethral function

33
Q

What are symptoms of prostate disease?

A

Difficulty urinating (starting, volume, incomplete voiding, pain)

34
Q

Inflammation of the prostate in what zones impacts the urethra?

A

Transitional zone
Periurethral zone

35
Q

Inflammation in which zone does not impede the function of the urethra?

A

Peripheral zone

36
Q

Why does prostate cancer usually not impact urethra function?

A

It usually appears in the peripheral zone

37
Q

Prostate histology

A

Urethra in center
Glandular tissue
pseudostratified to stratified squamous epithelium in lumen
Fibromuscular stroma
Secretory/Ducts
Corpora Amylacea

38
Q

Fibromuscular Stroma

A

Smooth muscle mixed with collagen fibers

39
Q

How is the Corpora Amylacea formed?

A

Prostatic secretions percipitate out

40
Q

Function of the seminal vesicle is controlled by…

A

testosterone

41
Q

What is the seminal vesicle?

A

Paired, elongated highly folded tubular glands

42
Q

Describe the wall of the seminal vesicle

A

Wall has mucosa (pseudostratified columnar with lamina propria)
Thin layer of smooth muscle
fibrous coat

43
Q

How many lumens does the seminal vesicle have?

A

Single lumen but folds make it look like many lumens histologically

44
Q

What are mucosal crypts?

A

The folds in the lumen of the seminal vesicle that make it look like it has multiple lumens

45
Q

What is secreted from the seminal vesicle?

A

Viscous liquid
contains fructose (metabolic subtrate for sperm), other simple sugars, amino acids, asorbic acid and prostaglandins

46
Q

In the seminal vesicle, lamina propria is most visible in the…

A

mucosal crypts

47
Q

Tunica albuginea in the penis

A

Dense CT and corpus cavernosum

48
Q

Corpus cavernosum

A

Single deep artery - may only see branches
smaller arteries
Cavernous sinus
Erectile tissue

49
Q

Corpus spongiosum

A

not a lot of blood space
Immediately surrouds urethra
Glands of littre

50
Q

Erection Hydraulics

A

Blood travels into spaces in the corpora cavernosa → results in a build up of pressure

51
Q

Penis histology

A

Skin
Tunica Albuginea (dense CT)
Corpora Canvernosa
Corpus Spongiosum
Urethra
Helicinie Arteries w/ erectile tissue

52
Q

Cavernous sinus

A

Found in the corpus cavernosum
Space that fills with blood during erection

52
Q

Glands of littre

A

Mucus secreting glands that secrete into urethra

Histo III (8 decks)

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