Lecture 10: Inflammation and Cancer Flashcards
Tumor associated macrophages in TME
-Inhibitory role in the early stages of cancer
-Stimulate cancer growth in the advanced stage
Estimated ___________ of adults in the West are infected with the potentially oncogenic Epstein-Barr virus, yet EBV-induced malignancies are extremely rare
90%
_______ of kidney transplant patients developed at least one type of cancer within 24 years
78
Role of NK cells
Attack leukemic cells
Tumor supporting functions of TAM include
- Stimulating tumor cell growth by producing EGF
- Stimulating angiogenesis
- IMMUNOSUPPRESION through production of growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines that modulate recruitment of immune cells and inhibit anti-tumor response
- METASTASIS by contributing to invasion, extravasation, survival, intravasation, and colonization
TAM number correlation
High # of TAM correlated with aggressive cancer
causes of localized inflammation of cancer
-Tumor associated macrophages
-Tumor growth
-Lymph node
causes of systematic inflammation of cancer
-Due to inflammatory cytokines
-Metastasis
-Paraneoplastic syndrome
-Behavioral - Chemo-brain
Sentinal lymph nodes
First lymph nodes where cancer cells might spread from a tumor
Sentinal lymph node location for breast cancer
Axillary region/Underarm
Site of metastatic spread of mammary gland
Draining lymphatic ducts that can carry carcinoma
Role of steroid hormones
Act as pure mitogens directly driving the proliferation of potentially neoplastic epithelial cells
Patients with IBD are at increased risk of colon cancer secondary to ___________________ and secondary to ____________________
-Long-standing intestinal inflammation
-Immunosuppressive therapies
Immune checkpoint
Those underlying the operations of immune checkpoints dampen immune responses and ensure that they are self-limiting
Role of PD-1 and its ligands
Play a vital role in inhibiting immune responses and inhibiting apoptosis induced by T-cells
