systemic lupus erythematous Flashcards

1
Q

what is SLE

A

complex autoimmune disease with multi-system involvement
can affect virtually all tissues

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2
Q

what autoantibody is strongly associated with SLE

A

anti-nuclear antibody

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3
Q

epidemiology of SLE

A

significant geographical variation for prevalence
most common in women of child bearing age

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4
Q

pathogenesis of SLE

A

complex interaction between exposome (environmental factors ) and genome resulting in epigenetic change which alters expression of certain genes

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5
Q

name 2 environmental and 2 genetic factors influencing SLE

A

environment - UVB radiation, infections
genetic - macrophage failure, deficiency of complement proteins

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6
Q

Extra oral manifestations of SLE

A
  • butterfly rash due to photosensitivity
  • vascular dermatitis (raised red dry lesions)
  • raynauds
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7
Q

intra oral manifestations of SLE

A
  • xerostomia (sjogrens or drug induces)
  • active lesions - apthous ulcers
  • non active lesions - pigmentation due to hydroxychloroquine
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8
Q

diagnosis of SLE

A

ACR-EULAR criteria
1. must have ANA titre of >=1.80 on HPe-2 cells
2. must score at least 10 on weighted criteria

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9
Q

weighted criteria in ACR - EULAR diagnosis of SLE

A

7 clinical categories e.g musculoskeletal, renal
3 immunological categories e.g complement proteins

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10
Q

discoid lupus

A

primarily affects mucocutaneously, no systemic involvement

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11
Q

main drug used in treatment of SLE

A

hydroxychloroquine

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12
Q

phases of drug treatment for SLE

A
  1. hydroxychloroquine = 1st line drug
  2. glucocorticoids e.g prednisolone for flare ups
  3. immunosuppresive agents if max dose 1 and 2 e.g azathioprine
  4. monoclonal antibody therapy if max 3 e.g rituximab
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