Obesity and pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

Definition

A

Obesity is classified using the Body Mass Index (BMI) as follows:
= Class I: BMI 30-34.9
= Class II: BMI 35-39.9
= Class III: BMI ≥40
Typically affects pregnancy through various mechanisms, including:
- Insulin resistance
- Increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines
- Changes in vascular function

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2
Q

Epidemiology

A

Sedentary lifestyle
High-calorie diet
Socioeconomic status
Genetic predisposition

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3
Q

Signs and symptoms

A

Weight gain and elevated BMI

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4
Q

Diagnosis

A

FIRST LINE = BMI
Consider =
- OGTT: diagnosis GDM >7.8 mmol/L
= Conducted for all women with obesity at 24-28 weeks
- Lipid profile

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5
Q

Treatment

A

FIRST LINE:
- Lifestyle modification
- Folic acid: 5mg, at least 1 month pre-conception and during first trimester
SECOND LINE:
- Metformin

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6
Q

Maternal Complications

A
  • Gestational diabetes
  • Pre-eclampsia
  • Venous thromboembolism
  • Caesarean birth
  • Postpartum haemorrhage
  • Difficulty breastfeeding
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7
Q

Fetal complications

A

Congenital anomolies: spina bifida
Still birth
Prematurity
Macrosomia
Childhood obesity

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