The United States Supreme Court

Question 1

13

Answer 1

judicial activism??

Question 2

is the only court specifically established by the Constitution, all the others were created by Congress

Answer 2

Supreme Court

Question 3

common law- the major advantages to this type of system

Answer 3

are effeciency and stability

Question 4

disputes resolved by the adversarial process

Answer 4

each side represented by attorney
present own version of events
resolve as fairly as possible
mistakes may be examined by appeal

Question 5

federal district courts and federal courts of appeals

Answer 5

Federal district courts have a jury and federal courts of appeals, which are also known as appellate courts, hear cases in panels of three

Question 6

the ultimate appellate court

Answer 6

supreme court

Question 7

hear cases that have been decided

Answer 7

federal courts of appeal, federal district courts, and state supreme courts

Question 8

federal courts jurisdiction, cases in which the subject matter involves

Answer 8

the us constitution, statutes, treaties, and maritime laws

Question 9

state courts

Answer 9

almost all criminal matters

Question 10

president wants judges who have merit, but they consider judges who meet political criteria as well

Answer 10

members of their parties

Question 11

robert bork nominated Reagan

Answer 11

president attempt to seek candidates without a paper trail, or at least without incriminating one (no footprints, no fight)

Question 12

since 1968, six have been rejected

Answer 12

primarily based on ideology. Increased activism of the courts in the 1960s.

Question 13

strategy of the opposite party

Answer 13

use the opportunity to energize their base

Question 14

tenure of judges

Answer 14

life

Question 15

judicial restraint

Answer 15

to limit the exercise of their own power. Is asserts that judges should hesitate to strike down laws unless they are obviously unconstitutional

Question 16

restrained judges

Answer 16

should not substitute their own views for those of the other branches

Question 17

activist judges

Answer 17

concern with results- has justice truly been done?

Question 18

the most conservative member of the courts

Answer 18

clarence thomas

Question 19

a minimum of four justices must agree that the case should be heard by the supreme court

Answer 19

the “rule of four”

Question 20

submit written arguments

Answer 20

briefs

Question 21

marbury v. madison 1803

Answer 21

1. established that the constitution takes precedence over legislative proceedings
2. the supreme court was the ruling authority
3. power of judicial review was thus established.
   Judicial review is the power of the courts to determine whether a law of government action is unconstitutional

Question 22

judicial review

Answer 22

the most powerful tool courts use to weild power

Question 23

mcCulloch vs. Maryland

Answer 23

it enforced the supremacy clause…..
by affirming the constitutionality of the federal statue, while preventing states from passing laws that violate federal law.
Marshall laid down the basic theory of implied powers under the constitution

Question 24

dred scott 1857

Answer 24

Scott is not a citizen therefore he can’t sue anyone, Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in the TERRITORIES

Question 25

plessey v. ferguson 1896

Answer 25

Supreme court upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of “separate but equal”
For the next 58 years this court case legitimized the separation of America based on race, and supported Jim Crowism.

Question 26

brown v. the board of education 1954

Answer 26

the court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional.
was ruled a violation of the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment