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Developmental Psychology > Developmental Psychology Unit 3 > Flashcards

Developmental Psychology Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Puberty

A

Years of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation that end childhood, producing a person of adult size, shape, and sexuality

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2
Q

Menarche

A

First menstrual period signaling ovulation

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3
Q

How does family stress and conflict affect the onset of puberty?

A

Hastens in girls

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4
Q

For boys, what is the usual sequence of physical changes of puberty?

A

Growth of testes, pubic hair, penis, spermarche

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5
Q

For girls, what is the usual sequence of physical changes of puberty?

A

Growth of breasts, pubic hair, growth spurt, menarche

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6
Q

First hormones to begin puberty?

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

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7
Q

First signs of growth spurt?

A

Increased appetite and weight

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8
Q

What is the last body part to grow from the growth spurt?

A

Torso

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9
Q

Primary sex characteristics

A

Parts of the body directly involved in reproduction

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10
Q

Secondary sex characteristics

A

Physical traits not directly involved in reproduction but that indicate sexual maturity

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11
Q

Adolescent egocentrism

A

Adolescents focus on themselves and on what others think of them

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12
Q

At what age does the brain fully mature?

A

25

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13
Q

Imaginary audience

A

Other people are watching and taking note of appearance, ideas, and behavior

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14
Q

Invincibility fable

A

Idea that death will not occur unless it is destined

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15
Q

Formal operational thought

A

Piaget’s 4th stage characterized by more systematic logical thinking and by the ability to understand and systematically manipulate abstract concepts

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16
Q

What question(s) are crucial for adolescent personality development?

A

Who am I?

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17
Q

Identity vs. role confusion

A

Discovering oneself or confused about who to be/who they are

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18
Q

Identity achievement

A

When people know who they are as unique individuals, combining past experiences and future plans

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19
Q

Role confusion

A

No clear identity, fluctuating from one persona to another

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20
Q

Foreclosure

A

Adopt parents’ or society’s’ roles and values without questioning

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21
Q

Negative identity

A

Rejecting all elder’s values without questioning

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22
Q

Achievement

A

Finding identity

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23
Q

Moratorium

A

Choice of a socially acceptable way to postpone making identity-achievement decisions

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24
Q

Diffusion

A

Don’t explore or commit to an identity

25
Q

What is subject or source of most bickering between parents and teenagers?

A

Curfews, clothing, cleanliness, activities

26
Q

What are the most common drugs taken by adolescents?

A

Tobacco and alcohol

27
Q

Peer pressure

A

Being pushed by friends to do something that wouldn’t normally do alone

28
Q

Emerging adulthood

A

18-25

29
Q

Early emerging adulthood biological or physical health characteristics

A

Reproductive system, motor skills, strength, and lung capacity all at best

30
Q

Fertility during emerging adulthood

A

A woman in her 20s has a 25-30% chance of getting pregnant every month. Fertility generally starts to reduce when a woman is in her early 30s, and more so after the age of 35. By age 40, the chance of getting pregnant in any monthly cycle is around 5%

31
Q

Postformal thinking

A

A person gains the ability to synthesize opposing ideas or feelings into a more complete understanding.

32
Q

What is the 2nd fastest time development of the brain?

A

From birth to age 5

33
Q

What are factors of lifelong personality development?

A

Physical environment, hereditary, experiences, and culture

34
Q

Intimacy

A

Closeness between 2 people

35
Q

Intimacy vs. isolation

A

Seek someone to share life with in an enduring and self-sacrificing way otherwise feel alone and isolated

36
Q

Organ reserve

A

Extra power that each organ employs when needed

37
Q

Homeostasis

A

A balance between various body reactions that keeps every physical function in sync with every other

38
Q

Allostasis

A

Dynamic body adjustment that gradually changes body function

39
Q

What is the relationship of social networking on social isolation in emerging adulthood?

A

An adult who spends 2+ hours on social media feels more isolated

40
Q

Dualism

A

Knowledge is received, not questioned

41
Q

Multiplicity

A

More than one solution to a problem or not solution, opinions matter

42
Q

Relativism

A

Knowledge is contextual, evaluate evidence

43
Q

Commitment

A

Integration of knowledge from other sources with personal experience and reflection, commit to values

44
Q

Cohabitation

A

2 people living together in a romantic way

45
Q

Adulthood covers what years or decades of life (age range)

A

Young - 20-39, Middle - 40-59, Old - 60-75, Old old - 75+

46
Q

Before age 65 what percent experience brain loss or problems?

A

40%

47
Q

Effect of coping on aging and stress

A

More difficult to cope because body can’t handle it the way it used to

48
Q

Sternberg 3 forms of intelligence

A

Practical, creative, and analytical intelligence

49
Q

Expertise

A

A high level of skill or knowledge

50
Q

Selective optimization of compensation

A

A lifespan model of psychological and behavioral management for adaptation to changes related to human development and for adaptation to age-related gains and losses

51
Q

Expertise has what effect

A

Occurs when the relative effectiveness of different learning conditions reverses with changes in the level of learner expertise

52
Q

Fluid intelligence

A

Capacity to learn new ways of solving problems

53
Q

Fertility factors of adulthood

A

Age, previous pregnancy, caffeine, timing and frequency of intercourse, lifestyle, duration of subfertility, weight, smoking

54
Q

Middle adulthood physical changes

A

Gray hair, wrinkles, thick waist, hearing loss, worsening vision

55
Q

First signs of aging?

A

Skin changes, hair loss or gray hair, sunken cheeks

56
Q

Menopause

A

Menstruation cycle stops

57
Q

Exercise effects on aging

A

Improves heart, lungs, bones, brain, muscles, and mood

58
Q

Crystal vs. fluid intelligence

A

Fluid intelligence is the ability to process new info, learn, and solve problems and crystallized intelligence is stored knowledge accumulated over years

59
Q

Adult intelligence increases in what areas or domains?

A

Acquired knowledge or by processes involved in reasoning and memory, especially working memory

Developmental Psychology (4 decks)

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