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Geography > Globalisation Eq3 > Flashcards

Globalisation Eq3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the development gap

A

The widening difference in levels of development between the world’s richest and poorest countries

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2
Q

Why is the development gap increasing

A

Free trade has allowed the accumulation and movement of wealth without restriction

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3
Q

What does the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve measure

A

Inequality

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4
Q

How does the Gini coefficient measure inequality

A

Index with values between 0 and 100. 0 means everyone has the same income, 100 means high income inequality

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5
Q

How does the Lorenz curve measure inequality

A

Graph with cumulative share of people from lower income on X axis, cumulative share of income earned on y axis, the bigger the curve the higher the inequality

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6
Q

Define development

A

Change from a traditional economy to one based on technology, and improving standards of living

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7
Q

What is a single measure of development

A

Measures one particular indicator of development

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8
Q

What is a composite measure of development

A

Combines a variety of indicators to one score

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9
Q

What is gdp

A

Economic measure of development that refers to the market value of all the finished goods and services produced by a country

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10
Q

B

A

Measures proportion of economic output from each sector of industry e.g primary Vs secondary Vs tertiary

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11
Q

What is HDI

A

measure of development that combined life expectancy, education and per capita income indicators

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12
Q

What is GEI

A

Composite measure of development that provides insights into gender disparities in health, empowerment and the labour marker

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13
Q

What tensions are there over globalisation

A

Migration
Environment
Culture/ideology
Resources/territory

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14
Q

How does china attempt to control globalisation

A

China’s Great firewall reduces access to western culture

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15
Q

What issues are there for indigenous communities in Canada

A

Oil pipelines are being built across indigenous land, so if there is an oil spill, all their land and natural resources would be destroyed

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16
Q

Give an example of trans boundary water conflicts

A

Mekong river flows through 6 countries, and 80 new dams are planned to disrupt the natural flow, though 60 million people depend on the river for water and fishing - the dams will strip the nutrients causing less fish

17
Q

How does globalisation lead to degradation of the physical environment

A

Increased trade leads to increased air pollution, increased consumerism leads to increased amounts of waste in landfills, deforestation for farming

18
Q

How is Africa being taken advantage of

A

It is in debt to china for loans which 17 countries are unable to pay back, giving china power over them
France is paid by African former colonies in return for their freedom, putting France in a position of power

19
Q

How is globalisation affecting food security

A

Demand for food is growing and by 2050 it will double, so people rely more on imported food which makes them vulnerable

20
Q

How is globalisation affecting biodiversity

A

Currently mass extinction event

21
Q

How is globalisation affecting water security

A

Demand is predicted to increase due to increased use of industrial farming practices and industrial development

22
Q

How is globalisation affecting food demand

A

50% increase in demand by 2035

23
Q

How is globalisation affecting the climate

A

In the past 150 years, global temperatures have risen by 1.2°c, is predicted to go up to 1.5°c by 2030

24
Q

What has happened in whalley

A

Retired people invested in setting up hydroelectric power for local homes and businesses

25
Q

What is the transition initiative

A

Began in Totnes, Devon, the community agreed on how to reduce their use of fossil fuels, so created affordable energy for housing, local farms and solar farms
It is now an international charity that helps other communities do the same

26
Q

What does fair trade do

A

Protects workers rights, provides long term employment, contracts while minimising damage to environment

27
Q

What is the problem with fair trade

A

Only 5-10% of coffee is fair trade, so it needs to be more widespread

28
Q

What is the calderdale food network

A

Map of where people can buy local food

29
Q

What is incredible edible

A

Locally grown food in the community that anyone can take

30
Q

What is a throw away economy

A

An economy in which products are extracted, manufactured, sold and then thrown away

31
Q

What is a circular economy

A

An economy where everything is reused and no products are ever thrown away

32
Q

How much waste gets recycled in the uk

A

45%

33
Q

What is the problem with recycling

A

two thirds of ‘recycled’ waste is shipped and left in developed countries, not actually recycled

34
Q

How much food in average UK household gets thrown away

A

20%

Geography (12 decks)

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