nutritional needs of each age group

Question 1

what age are toddlers?

Answer 1

1-3

Question 2

what is their main source of nutrients?

Answer 2

milk

Question 3

how much milk should they aim to have each day?

Answer 3

300ml

Question 4

what nutrients are in milk?

Answer 4

calcium and vitamin A- for good eyesight

Question 5

does the eatwell guide apply to toddlers?

Answer 5

no as they aren’t eating many solid foods

Question 6

as toddlers don’t have large stomachs, how should have have their food?

Answer 6

in small portions but frequently to provide the energy they need

Question 7

how can you include a range of different flavours and textures in their foods?

Answer 7

try and give them a variety of different things on their plate
can blitz up food to include it in sauces (hidden foods)
make ice-lollies- put fruits and water into moulds
can add nutrients into sweet treats

Question 8

how could solid foods be introduced to a toddler?

Answer 8

mash them, finger foods with dips and in small amounts

Question 9

what age should toddlers stop breast feeding?

Answer 9

around 6 months

Question 10

what is the age range of childhood?

Answer 10

5-12

Question 11

why do children need more food and energy?

Answer 11

as they are growing quickly and are very active, so there is an extra demand for energy and nutrients

Question 12

what are the main nutrients children need in their diet?

Answer 12

protein, starchy carbohydrates, fat, calcium+ vitamin D (complementary)

Question 13

why do children need protein and what are some examples?

Answer 13

to help with growth and repair
examples: fish fingers, boiled eggs

Question 14

why do children need starchy carbohydrates and what are some examples?

Answer 14

they give long term energy for physical activity and provide energy for growth
examples: mashed potato, wholemeal pasta

Question 15

why do children need fats and what are some examples?

Answer 15

they give long term energy for physical activity and provide energy for growth
however, saturated fats should be taken in moderation
examples:

Question 16

how should foods high in sugar be eaten?

Answer 16

infrequently and only at meal times

Question 17

what could an increased level of sugar lead to?

Answer 17

weight gain and tooth decay

Question 18

where may some children get their eating habits from?

Answer 18

their parents

Question 19

what is the age range of teenagers?

Answer 19

13-18

Question 20

how should teenagers aim to eat?

Answer 20

eat a balanced diet and try and follow the eatwell guide

Question 21

what happens during these years?

Answer 21

rapid growth

Question 22

what nutrients should teenagers mainly eat?

Answer 22

protein, iron + vitamin C (complementary), calcium + vitamin D (complementary)

Question 23

why do teenagers need protein and what are some examples?

Answer 23

to cope with these rapid growth spurts + development of muscular tissue mainly for boys (growth and repair)
examples: chicken, omelettes

Question 24

why do teenagers need iron and what are some examples?

Answer 24

teenage girls need more iron as they lose it during their monthly periods and it needs to be replaced
examples: green leafy veg, spinach, beef

Question 25

why do teenagers need vitamin C and what are some examples?

Answer 25

to absorb iron
examples: peppers, strawberries

Question 26

why do teenagers need calcium and what are some examples?

Answer 26

as the skeleton grows quickly during this time they need calcium to have strong bones and reach peak skeleton size
examples: milk, yoghurt, kale

Question 27

why do teenagers need vitamin D and what are some examples?

Answer 27

as the skeleton grows quickly during this time they need calcium to have strong bones and reach peak skeleton size
examples: tuna, salmon, mackerel

Question 28

what could cause teenagers to have anorexia or overeating/obesity?

Answer 28

stress

Question 29

what age does early/middle adulthood start?

Answer 29

18+

Question 30

how should adults eat and why?

Answer 30

have a balanced diet and try and follow the eatwell guide as growth and development stop and to try and keep their bodies disease free

Question 31

why do men require more calories than women?

Answer 31

as they have more lean muscle and are generally taller and larger

Question 32

why do women still need to eat lots of green leafy veg?

Answer 32

as it contains iron and they continue to lose iron through periods

Question 33

why are calcium and vitamin D still important for men and women?

Answer 33

to reduce the chance of bone diseases later on in life and women can quickly lose bone strength after menopause- and these nutrients keep the skeleton strong

Question 34

during pregnancy how should women adapt their diet?

Answer 34

eat 200 more calories per day to support baby’s growth- but should still be careful not to overeat
consume more folic acid- to reduce the risk of birth defects for the baby

Question 35

what is folic acid?

Answer 35

a B vitamin

Question 36

what happens to our muscles in late adulthood?

Answer 36

they turn to fat, so our body needs less energy

Question 37

why do elderly need to take great care in their energy intake?

Answer 37

as they should cut down on saturated fats, otherwise may lead to CHD

Question 38

why should some meals be adapted for elderly?

Answer 38

as their taste buds change and they may enjoy eating certain foods less

Question 39

why should elderly eat lots of calcium?

Answer 39

to help stop bones becoming weak and brittle and reduce the risk of bone diseases

Question 40

why should elderly eat lots of vitamin D?

Answer 40

to help stop bones becoming weak and brittle and reduce the risk of bone diseases

Question 41

why should elderly eat lots of vitamin B12 and omega 3? and examples

Answer 41

to keep the brain healthy and prevent memory loss
examples: oily fish, milk, beef

Question 42

why should elderly eat lots of fibre? and examples

Answer 42

to help prevent constipation as the digestive system starts to weaken
examples: lentils, wholemeal bread

Question 43

why should elderly eat lots of vitamin A? and examples

Answer 43

to help maintain good eyesight
examples: carrots, liver