Sampling techniques Flashcards
Define Research population
The group of people being studied, its impossible to study every individual in society so a sample is drawn to represent them
What is a sampling frame?
A list of potential research subjects eg a school register. Not always easy to find a suitable sampling frame.
What is random sampling?
Every member of the research population has an equal chance of being included.
How does random sampling aim to achieve?
Aims to achieve objectivity and to eliminate the possibility of bias in the choice of those who take part in the research.
What are the 2 main types of random smapling?
-Systematic sampling
-Stratified sampling
Define Systematic sampling
A researcher picks people according to a system eg sampling every fourth person in a line.
Define Stratified sampling
Dividing the sampling frame into groups that reflect their presence in the larger group and then randomly selecting from those groups in a systematic way.
When is non-random sampling used?
If a sampling frame is unavailable.
What is Quota sampling?
Researcher approaches a number of people who exhibit particular characteristics. Allows researcher some direction but potential for researcher bias.
What is Opportunity sampling?
The researcher goes to a place that he knows will contain the type of person needed for the research eg a school for students.
What is Snowball sampling?
The researcher asks research subjects to identify others who might take part in the research creating a snowball effect.
