children orthopaedics Flashcards

1
Q

which arch is wrong in flat feet and what can be wrong with the cuneiform bones

A

medial longditudinal
square instead of triangle

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2
Q

persistent toe walking can suggest

A

CP
Duchenne muscular dystrophy or nervous system probs

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3
Q

club foot proper term

A

talipes equinovarus

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4
Q

which gender club foot, what ratio

A

m 2:1

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5
Q

main risk club foot

A

oligohydramnios

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6
Q

club foot on ultrasound

A

foot pointed down or inwards

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7
Q

tx of club foot

A

Ponseti method - plaster of paris

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8
Q

which gender congenital hip dysplasia - why

A

f - more receptors for relaxin

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9
Q

signs of congenital hip dysplasia in a baby

A

Double crease, leg turned into external rotation and asymmetric gluteal folds

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10
Q

Barlow, Ortolani tests

A
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11
Q

what is Galeazzi sign

A

leg length discrpancy in congenital hip displasia

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12
Q

tx congenital hip displasia

A

Pavlick harness In harness for at least 6 weeks full-time and 6 weeks part-time 80-95% success

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13
Q

most common presentation of CHD in older children

A

discrepancy of abduction of hips

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14
Q

when does femoral head ossify

A

4-6 months

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15
Q

which imaging CHD in babies

A

USS

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16
Q

name these lines

A

red: Perkin
Yellow: hilgenreiner
Green: Shenton
blue: acetabular index

17
Q

what position are legs in in Pavlick harness

A

flexed and abducted

18
Q

when do you need a better tx than Pavlick harness

A

if hip not reduced after 3 weeks

19
Q

if CHD not resolved by 18months what do you do

A

femoral with or without pelvic osteotomies

20
Q

what is perthes disease

A

avascular necrosis of femoral head

21
Q

which gender Perthes

A

m

22
Q

when is it better to get Perthes

A

younger <5

23
Q

SUFE presentation

A

external rotation and leg shortening

24
Q

which leg has a problem. what problem? what diagnosis

A

left leg can’t internally rotate

SUFE

25
Q

what is this line what does it show

A

Klein’s line is drawn along superior border of femoral neck should cross at least a portion of the femoral head. When SUFE the femoral head drops below this line.

26
Q

tx for SUFE

A

close epiphyseal growth plates on BOTH sides, even though if only one of them has slipped