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general & airframe o&p > Generals > Flashcards

Generals Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by the capacity rating of a lead-acid battery?

A

The number of hours a battery can supply a given current flow

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2
Q

What electrolyte is used in a lead-acid battery?

A

A mixture of sulfuric acid and water

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3
Q

Does the specific gravity of the electrolyte in a lead-acid battery increase or decrease as the battery becomes discharged?

A

Decreases

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4
Q

What is the specific gravity of a fully charged lead-acid battery?

A

Between 1.275 and 1.300

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5
Q

How many cells are there in a 24-volt lead-acid battery?

A

12

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6
Q

what is the range of temperatures of the electrolyte in a lead-acid battery that does not require a correction when measuring its specific gravity?

A

Between 70F and 90F

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7
Q

How do you treat a lead-acid battery compartment to protect it from corrosion?

A

Paint it with an asphaltic (tar-base) paint or with a polyurethane enamel

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8
Q

What is used to neutralize spilled electrolyte from a lead-acid battery?

A

A solution of bicarbonate of soda and water

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9
Q

How high should the electrolyte level be in a properly serviced lead-acid battery?

A

Only up to the level of the indicator in the cell

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10
Q

Why is the closed-circuit voltage of a lead-acid battery lower than its open-circuit voltage?

A

Voltage is dropped across the internal resistances of the battery

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11
Q

What gases are being released when a lead-acid battery is being charged?

A

Hydrogen and oxygen

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12
Q

What is the electrolyte used in a nickel-cadmium battery?

A

Potassium hydroxide and water

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13
Q

Why is the hydrometer not used to measure the state of charge of a nickel-cadmium battery?

A

The electrolyte of a nickel-cadmium battery does not enter into the chemical change when the battery is charged or discharged. Its specific gravity does not change appreciably.

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14
Q

Is the electrolyte level of a nickel-cadmium battery lowest when the battery is fully charged or discharged?

A

Fully discharged

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15
Q

What is the result of cell imbalance in a nickel-cadmium battery?

A

The low internal resistance allows current to flow between the unbalanced cells and generate heat

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16
Q

What is thermal runaway?

A

The large current flow allowed by the low internal resistance causes the cells to produce more heat than they can dissipate. The heat further lowers the internal resistance so more current can flow; this continues until the battery destroys itself

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17
Q

How may thermal runaway be prevented?

A

By carefully monitoring the temperature of the cells and controlling the charging current to prevent an excess of current flowing into the battery

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18
Q

How is it possible to know when a nickel-cadmium battery is fully charged?

A

Completely discharge the battery and give it a constant-current charge to 140% of its ampere-hour capacity

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19
Q

What is used to neutralized spilled electrolyte from a nickel-cadmium battery?

A

A solution of boric acid and water

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20
Q

What is the purpose of a sketch of a repair?

A

It shows a specific bit of information and includes the minimum amount of detail needed to manufacture the part

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21
Q

What is meant by minimum fuel as is used in the computation of aircraft weight and balance?

A

No more fuel than the quantity necessary for half an hour of operation at rated maximum continuous power. It is the maximum amount of fuel used in weight and balance computations when low fuel may adversely affect the most critical balance conditions.

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22
Q

What is meant by a proportion?

A

Two ratios equaled to each other

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23
Q

What is meant by a percentage?

A

A fraction having 100 as the denominator. EX 65% = 65/100

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24
Q

What effect does an increase in density altitude have on engine performance?

A

As density altitude increases, air density decreases and engine performance decreases

25
Q

How can you convert a decimal into a percent?

A

Multiply the decimal by 100 and add the % sign. Or move the decimal two places to the right.

26
Q

How do you convert a fraction into a percent?

A

Convert it to a decimal and multiply by 100, add percent sign.

27
Q

What is the approximate speed of sound at sea level on a standard day?

A

661 knots or 340 meters per second

28
Q

What is the atmospheric pressure at sea level on a standard day?

A

29.92 inches of Mercury or 1013.2 millibars

29
Q

On a standard day at sea level, what is the value for temperature?

A

59 degrees F or 15 degrees C

30
Q

What are the factors that determine density altitude?

A

Temperature and atmospheric pressure

31
Q

What is the term used to describe the ratio between the amount of moisture actually present in the atmosphere as compared to the amount the air could hold if it were completely saturated?

A

Relative humidity

32
Q

What is the reason for having separate facilities for storing and servicing nickel-cadmium and lead-acid batteries?

A

The electrolyte in the two types of batteries is chemically opposite and the fumes from one type can contaminate the electrolyte of the other type

33
Q

The state of charge of a nickel-cadmium battery cannot be determined by measuring the specific gravity for what reason?

A

There is no significant change in the specific gravity of the electrolyte as the batter is charged or discharged

34
Q

How can you determine if a drawing has been changed?

A

A record of the changes is listed either in the revision block or in ruled columns, which may be in a corner of the drawing or next to the title block

35
Q

How are the dimensions shown on aircraft drawings, and what is their purpose?

A

Dimension lines are usually solid and generally broken at the midpoint for insertion of the measurement. They provide a means to accurately represent the size of an object

36
Q

What is the difference between “allowance” and “tolerance”?

A

Say you have 75cm + or - 5cm. The range between 70cm and 80cm is the allowance while tolerance is the difference of them, being 10cm

37
Q

What is meant by “clearance”?

A

An allowable dimension between two parts

38
Q

What information is contained in a “bill of materials”?

A

A list of the materials or parts needed to fabricate or assemble the component or system shown in the drawing

39
Q

What is the purpose of an aircraft loading graph?

A

It is a method for determining how to distribute the load so as to keep the C.G. within allowable limits

40
Q

What is a ballast and why would you use it in an airplane?

A

Ballast is weight added to an airplane to bring its C.G into the allowable or desired range

41
Q

What kinds of information about an aircraft drawing can be found in the title block?

A

Part or assembly name, drawing size, scale, date, company name, initials or name of the people responsible for creating or approving the drawing

42
Q

installation of several new radios in the nose of an aircraft causes the forward C.G. limit to be exceeded. How can you correct this problem without removing the new equipment?

A

A ballast may be installed in the tail to move the C.G. aft

43
Q

How does the C.G. range of a helicopter compare to that of a fixed-wing airplane?

A

Helicopters typically have a much smaller C.G. range

44
Q

What is indicated by the markings on the head of solid shank rivets?

A

The material they are made of, and indirectly their strength

45
Q

How can you keep heat treated aluminum alloy rivets soft enough to install after the quenching process?

A

If the rivets are stored in a freezer they will remain soft for several days

46
Q

What is the grip length of a bolt?

A

The length of the unthreaded portion

47
Q

In what ways are AN standard steel bolts identified?

A

By code markings on the bolt heads

48
Q

What is the difference between a close tolerance bolt and a general purpose bolt?

A

Close tolerance bolts are machined to more accurate dimensions

49
Q

For what types of applications are self-locking nuts not allowed?

A

Anytime the nut or bolt is subject to rotation

50
Q

If the maintenance procedures do not specify a torque value for a bolt or nut, how can you determine the proper values?

A

Consult a standard torque table such as found in AC 43.13-1B

51
Q

What is the most commonly used type of aircraft control cable?

A

Extra flexible 7 x 19 stainless steel cable

52
Q

What type of precision measuring instruments can be used to measure the outside dimensions of aircraft parts?

A

Outside micrometers and vernier calipers

53
Q

For what reasons should a micrometer be periodically calibrated?

A

If dropped, its accuracy may be affected, OR if the spindle is over-tightened, the frame may be sprung, OR continually sliding objects between the anvil and the spindle may wear the surfaces

54
Q

What does the number 100 signify in 100LL aviation gasoline?

A

It refers to the lean mixture performance number (or octane rating) of the fueIs

55
Q

Is it permissible to use avgas in a turbine engine?

A

Limited operation may be allowed by the manufacturer. Continued use may reduce efficiency due to lead deposits on the turbine blades

56
Q

What are some of the possible outcomes of using a lower grade of avgas than the specified grade?

A

an increased chance of engine damage due to detonation, loss of engine power, and an increased probability of overheating

57
Q

Part 23.973 of the FAA regulations specifies that certain markings must be placed adjacent to fuel filler openings. What markings are used for reciprocating engine-powered airplanes?

A

The filler openings must be marked with the fuel grade and the word “AVGAS”

58
Q

Describe the important precautions that should be be observed when fueling an aircraft

A

Be certain you are using the correct fuel, properly ground the aircraft and refueling unit, and protect the aircraft surfaces from hose and nozzle damage

59
Q

The marking requirements for oil tank filler openings are specified by FAR 23.1157. What markings are required for a piston engine powered airplane?

A

The word “OIL” and the permissible grades and/or types or a reference to the appropriate airplane flight manual for permissible grades and/or types

general & airframe o&p (9 decks)

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