Chapter 8 test Flashcards
How did Native Hawaiians view the ʻāina?
They believed the land belonged to the Gods and should be treated with respect and cared for, no one owned it. They thought everyone should have access to land and resources.
How did foreigners view land?
Foreigners saw land as a commodity. They thought land should be used for personal gain.
What were the pressures that made certain missionaries appoint a Board, who where the missionaries and what was the Board?
The pressures were that in the 1840s, sandalwood and fur trades had come to an end, whaling was declining, Hawaiʻi was in an economic slump. Commercial agriculture required vast expanses of land and many laborers to produce crops at a profit. The missionaries who pressured the King were Gerrit Judd and William Richards and the board was “Board of Commissioners to Quiet Land Titles”, or the Land Commission.
Who was “the King” during this time?
Kamehameha III
Know which groups the Land Commission decided had rights to land
After thoroughly studying Hawaiʻi’s land system, they gave vested rights to the king, the chiefs, and the makaʻāinana
What does Māhele mean and what and when was the Māhele or the Great Māhele?
Māhele means to divide. The Māhele happened in 1848 and it was a division of lands of Hawaiʻi among several groups. In January, 1848, the King divided all land of the kingdom between the crown and 251 chiefs
What was the original proposal for land division that was never adopted?
The land was divided into thirds: one-third to the King, one-third to the chiefs, and one-third to the makaʻāinana
The Māhele did not automatically grant title to chiefs, so how did chiefs get title?
They had to present a claim to the Land of Commission, pay a commutation fee to the government, then they got the land after the King signed the land title.
How did the King divide his lands?
His private lands (Crown Lands) and land for government. Many chiefs followed his example and gave up land they had claimed during the Māhele to the government. The government ended up with a large amount of land.
When was the Kuleana act of 1850 passed?
i KNOW you know this, the title gives it away, but incase she just puts “The Kuleana Act” or something, you want to know. SO, it was 1850.
What did the Kuleana Act of 1850 do?
It authorized the Land Commission to award fee simple title to Hawaiian tenants who occupied and cultivated any portion of the Crown, government, or Konohiki lands.
What happened the same year the Kuleana Act of 1850 was passed?
Legislature passed a law allowing foreigners who lived in Hawaiʻi (resident foreigners) the same rights as Native Hawaiians to own and sell land. Foreigners could buy and sell land for profit, and all of a sudden, competition for land was fierce.
What was the process for makaʻāinana to get land claim?
They had to their land surveyed, file a claim with Land Commission, prove the land being claimed was cultivated for the purpose of earning a living, attend a Land Commission hearing, and have at least two witnesses to confirm their land was used for cultivating and making a living and that the boundaries described were correct.
How were people notified of the process to get land claim?
Notices were placed in news papers and churches to inform the makaʻāinana of their rights
Was the process to get land claim easy for the makaʻāinana?
No. They were often unfamiliar with the process of how to gain ownership of land and the process was complicated and did not always work.
