classification Flashcards
What is the basic definition of a species?
A group of similar organisms that can breed to produce fertile offspring
What are 3 features of the binomial naming system?
it is universal (used by scientists globally)
the first name (generic name) denotes the GENUS
the second name (specific name) denotes the SPECIES
Which of the words is written with a capital letter when naming species using the binomial system?
the genus (first word)
What are 3 ways two organisms from the same species may be similar?
physically
biochemically
behaviourally
What are 5 ways courtship behaviour can enable successful mating?
it enables individuals to:
- recognise members of their own species
- identify a mate that is capable of breeding/sexually mature
- form a pair bond
- synchronise mating
- become able to breed
What is the basic definition of classification?
the grouping of organisms
the grouping of organisms
the theory and practice of biological classification
what are the 2 main types of classification?
artificial and phylogenetic
How does courtship behaviour show similarity in the genetics of 2 organisms?
the more similar the courtship behaviour, the more closely related the two organisms
What are three features of phylogenetic classification?
based on evolutionary relationships
classifies species using shared features derived from ancestors
arranges groups into a hierarchy
What is a hierarchy?
smaller groups arranged within larger groups, with no overlap
What is a taxon?
a group within a phylogenetic classification
Give 3 characteristics of Bacteria
no membrane-bound organelles
unicellular
cell walls made of murein
single loop of ‘naked’ DNA
Give 3 ways Archaea differ from bacteria
no murein in cell walls
membranes contain fatty acid chains attached to glycerol
genes and protein synthesis is more similar to eukaryotes
Give 3 features of Eukarya
contain membrane-bound organelles
membranes contain fatty acid chains attached to glycerol
IF contain cell wall, doesn’t contain murein
larger (80S) ribosomes
