Lesson 4: Anatomical References and Locations of the Human Body

Question 1

Standard reference position used for describing locations and directions on the human body

Answer 1

Anatomical

Question 2

What are the requirements for the anatomical position

Answer 2

A person stands erect, legs legs together and arms by the sides of the body, with the head, eyes, toes, and palms of the hands facing forward

Question 3

Related to the central part of the body

Answer 3

Axial

Question 4

Look at lesson 4.1

Answer 4

For medical terms

Question 5

Look at Lesson 4.2

Answer 5

For anatomical directions

Question 6

Anatomical plane that cuts the body horizontally, into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

Answer 6

Axial (transverse) plane

Question 7

Anatomical plane that cuts the body vertically, into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

Answer 7

Coronal (frontal) plane

Question 8

Anatomical plane that cuts the body vertically down the midline into equal left and right portions

Answer 8

Sagittal plane

Question 9

Cavity that lies posteriorly (in the back)

Answer 9

Dorsal

Question 10

Cavity that lies anteriorly (in the front)

Answer 10

Ventral

Question 11

Superior portion of the dorsal cavity

Answer 11

Cranial cavity (bound by the skull and contains the brain and meninges)

Question 12

Inferior portion of the dorsal cavity

Answer 12

Vertebral canal aka spinal cavity (bound by the vertebral column, intervertebral discs, and ligaments… contains spinal cord and spinal nerve roots)

Question 13

Large cavity bound laterally by the ribs and inferiorly by the diaphragm

Answer 13

Thoracic cavity (contains chest, heart, lungs, and esophagus)

Question 14

What are the three areas of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 14

Pleural cavities, mediastinum, and the pericardial cavity

Question 15

Large cavity found inferior to the diaphragm, bound laterally by the body wall and inferiorly by the pelvic cavity

Answer 15

Abdominal cavity (contains the gastrointestinal tract, spleen, kidneys, and adrenal glands)

Question 16

Small cavity found inferior to the brim of the pelvis (bound superiorly by the abdominal cavity, posteriorly by the sacrum, and laterally by the pelvis)

Answer 16

Pelvic cavity (contains urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs, sigmoid colon, and rectum)

Question 17

Regions of the Abdomen

Answer 17

Right Hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left Hypochondriac

Right lumbar (right lateral), umbilical, left lumbar (left lateral)

Right inguinal (iliac), hypogastric, and left inguinal (iliac)

Question 18

Organs in RUQ

Answer 18

Liver, gallbladder, right kidney, duodenum, ascending colon, transverse colon, small intestine

Question 19

Organs in LUQ

Answer 19

Stomach, spleen, left kidney, pancreas, descending colon, transverse colon, small intestine

Question 20

Organs in RLQ

Answer 20

Appendix, cecum, ascending colon, small intestine

Question 21

Organs in LLQ

Answer 21

Descending colon, transverse colon, small intestine