Carl Rogers Flashcards
CARL ROGERS
Carl Rogers gave the self theory in which he stated that the self is composed of concepts unique to ourselves.
3 components CARL ROGERS
The self theory includes three concepts:
Self worth / esteem
Self image
Ideal self
SELF WORTH
Self worth is derived by how we see ourselves. The value that we hold for ourselves. Rogers believed that self worth was formed on how people made you feel or your interactions in early childhood mostly dependent on interactions with primary caretakers.
SELF IMAGE
Self image is dependent on how we see ourselves. It also includes our body image and our personality. Self image has an impact on how one person feels, thinks and behaves in the world.
IDEAL SELF
Ideal self is based on who you would like to be. It consists of goals and ambitions in life and is dynamic. The ideal self will keep shifting and changing through time. The childhood ideal self is not the teenage ideal self.
REAL SELF
The person that one actually is, regardless of ambitions and desires.
The more congruent or closer one’s real self is to their ideal self, the happier they will be. The further apart, the more they are vulnerable to mental health problems.
SELF THEORY
Rogers viewed personality in terms of self concept or the beliefs about one’s own nature and qualities.
INCONGRUENCE
The degree of difference between self concept and actual experience.
If accurate, it is congruent.
AN IMPORTANT TOOL IN SELF ACTUALISATION IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF SELF CONCEPT OR IMAGE OF ONESELF.
Self concept
Positively, tend to act, feel, think optimistically and constructively
Negative, tend to act, feel, think negatively and destructively
Rogers believed that people have a natural tendency to grow and become healthy individuals and move to self actualisation.
CARL ROGERS and relationships
Rogers also believed that a person can not function alone. People need to have relationships. If their relationships are good or bad will shape their outlook on life. APPLY TO RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER PEOPLE AND ONESELF
There are four basic factors that relationships are based on -
TRUST
Unconditional and undeniable trust in oneself and others regardless of the circumstances.
GENUINENESS
Genuineness comes from being open about your feelings, dropping the facade and being transparent and self disclosing.
ACCEPTANCE / POSITIVE REGARD
Having an acceptance attitude regardless of the circumstances. Acknowledging feelings and problems without judgement, the positives and the negatives.
CONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD
Love and acceptance only when behaviour is a certain way
UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD
Love and acceptance under all circumstances.
EMPATHY
Considering and empathising with others and their problems, thoughts and feelings. Empathy not sympathy, people need to be heard not pitied.
A person experiencing a match between ideal self and real self and holding the four basis of relationships with others and oneself is a FULLY FUNCTIONING PERSON.
CRITICISMS CARL ROGERS
Too optimistic
Fails to account for evil
Promotes self love to a point of narcissism
