Famous personalities in biology

Question 1

Was the philosophical study of nature and the
physical universe that was dominant before the development of modern
science. It is considered to be the precursor of natural science

Answer 1

Natural philosophy or philosophy of nature

Question 2

Thales of Miletus

Answer 2

Father of natural philosophy

Question 3

“Father of Biology and Zoology”
“Father of Ancient Taxonomy”

Answer 3

Aristotle

Question 4

Father of medicine

Answer 4

Hippocrates

Question 5

Black bile; Yellow bile; Blood; Phlegm

Answer 5

Theory of four humours

Question 6

“Father of Cytology” and coined the term cell

Answer 6

Robert Hooke

Question 7

“Father of Microscopy”
He is the first person to observe protozoa and bacteria and calls “animalcules”
- little animals

Answer 7

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Question 8

Father of genetics

Answer 8

Gregor mendel

Question 9

Father of botany

Answer 9

Theophrastus

Question 10

“Father of Modern Parasitology”
He challenged the Spontaneous Generation Theory

Answer 10

Francesco Redi

Question 11

What is spontaneous generation theory?

Answer 11

suggested that living things arose from
non-living things

Question 12

Coined the term survival of the fittest

Answer 12

Herbert Spencer

Question 13

He discovered the circulation of the blood

Answer 13

William Harvey

Question 14

He was the first to perform public dissection on a human corpse, a practice
that was unusual in the Middle Ages due to spiritual beliefs

Answer 14

Andreas Vesalius

Question 15

He was an ancient Greek physician anatomist, and philosopher.
He discovered that arteries carry blood.

Answer 15

Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus (Galen or Galen of Pergamon)

Question 16

“Father of Modern Taxonomy”
He is the one who formalized the modem system of naming organisms called
binomial nomenclature

Answer 16

Carl Von Linne

Question 17

This formal system of naming organisms consists
of two Latinized names, the genus and the species. Genus and species names
are always italicized.

Answer 17

Binomial Nonclemature

Question 18

He is best known for his Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics
and the Theory of Use and Disus

Answer 18

Jean Baptiste Lamarck

Question 19

He said that all plants are made of cells; a botanist.

Answer 19

Matthias Schleiden

Question 20

He said that all animals are made of cells; a zoologist

Answer 20

Theodore Schwann

Question 21

He said that cells came from pre-existing cells

Answer 21

Rudolf Virchow

Question 22

He discovered the nucleus within cells. He is also famous for his discovery of
the Brownian movement

Answer 22

Robert Brown

Question 23

“Father of Evolution”

Answer 23

Charles Darwin

Question 24

The book of Charles Darwin. He made his studies
in evolution on Galapagos Island with his ship HMS Beagle. He published the
book in December 1859

Answer 24

On the origin of species

Question 25

It is the process by which organisms change over
time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioral traits. Changes
that allow an organism to better adapt to its environment will help it survive
and have more offspring (differential reproduction)

Answer 25

Natural selection theory

Question 26

He is the first person to discover the smallpox vaccine. The word vaccine
comes from the word “vacca” which means cow

Answer 26

Edward Jenner

Question 27

“Father of Bacteriology”.
He formulated the Germ Theory of Disease and discovered Bacillus anthracis
and Tubercle bacillus.

Answer 27

Robert Koch

Question 28

Germ theory of disease - He proposed that microorganisms (germs) can lead
to a disease

Answer 28

Robert Koch

Question 29

“Father of Microbiology”
He discovered the process of pasteurization

Answer 29

Louis Pasteur

Question 30

It is a process in which water and other substances are
treated with mild heat to eliminate pathogens and other harmful microbes

Answer 30

Pasteurization

Question 31

“Father of Antibiotics”
He discovered Penicillin
His accidental discovery was known as “serendipity”

Answer 31

Alexander Flemming

Question 32

It is an antibiotic drug (antibacterial) and made by a fungus, Penicillium notatum

Answer 32

Penicillin

Question 33

“Father of Mutation”

Answer 33

Hugo de Vries

Question 34

States that living organisms can develop changes to their
genes that greatly alter the organism. These changes are passed down to the
next generation, and lead to the development of new species

Answer 34

Mutation theory

Question 35

She discovered the structure of DNA in 1953 using X-ray diffraction

Answer 35

Rosalind Franklin

Question 36

They discovered in 1953 the twisted-ladder structure of DNA

Answer 36

Francis Crick and James Watson

Question 37

He introduced the “antiseptic technique”, which includes steps and
procedures to prevent contamination from pathogens or disease-causing
organism

Answer 37

Joseph Lister

Question 38

“Father of Marine Microbiology”.
He discovered living organisms in extreme ocean depth and 65 species of
bacteria.

Answer 38

Claude Ephraim Zobell

Question 39

He is the one who crystallized the “Tobacco Mosaic Virus”

Answer 39

Wendell Meredith Stanley

Question 40

It is the process of transforming the components of a virus into
organized particles to describe their structure and other characteristics using
an X-Ray crystallography technique

Answer 40

Crystallization

Question 41

He was a geneticist, botanist, and pharmacist from Denmark. His 1903 “pure
line” genetics studies are what made him most famous, along with his use of
the phrases gene, phenotype, and genotype

Answer 41

Wilhelm Johannsen

Question 42

He coined the term “genetics”
He used the study of sheep to develop many of the fundamental
ideas that make up the field of genetics

Answer 42

Imre Festetics

Question 43

He coined the term “scientist”

Answer 43

William Whewell