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Religion > Development in Bioethics > Flashcards

Development in Bioethics Flashcards

1
Q

Exodus 20:13

A

You shall not kill

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2
Q

Psalm 139:13

A

For you created my inmost being; you knit me together in my mother’s womb.

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3
Q

Jeremiah 1:5

A

Before I formed you in the womb, I knew you

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4
Q

What 2 things is bioethics concerned with?

A
  1. Creating life
  2. Maintaining life
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5
Q

What is human infertility?

A

When a couple is unable to have a baby naturally.

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6
Q

How can infertility be caused?

A

-Man not producing enough sperm
-Woman suffering from ovulation disorder

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7
Q

What does IVF stand for?

A

In vitro fertilization.

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8
Q

What is the process of IVF?

A

-Egg fertilised outside woman’s body
-Egg and sperm brought together in petri dish
-The sperm fertilises the egg which develop into blastocysts after 5-6 days
-Embryo implanted into uterus
-Several fertilised eggs put into womb hoping woman gets pregnant.

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9
Q

What is IUI (Intrauterine insemination/Artificial Insemination)?

A

Sperm is collected from semen samples and introduced into a woman’s uterus when she is ovulating. The aim is to fertilise the egg.

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10
Q

What are the two types of IUI?

A
  1. IUI by partner or husband ~ When husband has healthy sperm but low sperm count
  2. IUI by donor ~ Occurs if husbands sperm isn’t healthy or has no sperm count or woman doesn’t have male partner.
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11
Q

What are the issues arising from fertility treatment?

A
  1. Spare embryos
  2. Compromising religious beliefs on marriage
  3. Medical complications (multiple births)
  4. Designer babies
  5. Child may face identity crisis
  6. Three parent IVF
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12
Q

What is embryo experimentation?

A

The use of embryos that helps scientists discover more about genetic diseases and disorders etc…

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13
Q

What is the different churches teaching on embryo experimentation?

A

-CC against it, believes embryo must be defended and cared for.
-COE ~ it’s acceptable up until 14 days
-COI ~ unacceptable to create embryos for research just to destroy them.

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14
Q

What is human surrogacy?

A

Another woman gets pregnant and carries baby for someone who wants a child but is unable to.

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15
Q

What are the two types of surrogacy and their meaning?

A
  1. Traditional surrogacy - The husbands sperm is used to fertilise surrogate mothers egg.
  2. Gestational surrogacy - Surrogate mother becomes pregnant, the egg comes from intended mother which was fertilised through IVF and placed into surrogates womb.
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16
Q

What are the issues arising from surrogacy?

A
  1. Seen as form of adultery with a third person involved.
  2. Not legally binding, pregnant woman may change her mind and keep baby.
  3. Illegal surrogacies happen without going through proper channels.
  4. Child may want to find their biological mother.
17
Q

What is the main function of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority? (HFEA)

A

The main function is to license, monitor and inspect fertility clinic research centres in the UK.

18
Q

What is the aims of the HFEA?

A

~Everyone and everyone born receives high quality treatment
~by licensing, monitoring and inspecting fertility clinics
~by providing clear information about fertility treatment

19
Q

What do the HFEA provide information on?

A
  1. Fertility treatments
  2. Egg freezing
  3. Donating eggs or sperm
  4. Researching clinics
  5. Donors and genetic siblings
  6. Costs and funding
20
Q

What is the biblical teaching on new reproductive technologies?

A

-Life begins at conception
-All life is sacred because humans are created in image of God
-God planned our lives before birth
- Destroying embryos is murder

21
Q

What are the Catholic Church beliefs on new reproductive technologies?

A
  1. Condemns IUI, IVF and surrogacy
  2. Embryo experimentation violate human dignity and reduces embryos to only objects
22
Q

What is the other Christian denominations beliefs on new reproductive technologies?

A

-Life begins at conception
-Embryos should be respected and protected
-Fertility treatment can be seen as playing God.

23
Q

What is the Warnock report?

A

A report that states embryo experimentation is allowed to take place up till 14 days of development.

24
Q

What is the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act? (1990)

A

An act to provide guidelines for fertility treatment and embryo research.

25
Q

What are the main points in the HFEA 1990?

A
  1. Authority to be set up to monitor fertility treatment
  2. Human embryos used for research must be disposed after 14 days
  3. Sperm from donors can be used in up to 10 treatments
  4. Financial gain from surrogacy is illegal
26
Q

What were the amendments made in the HFEA 2008?

A
  1. Same sex couples using fertility treatment has right to name both partners on child’s birth certificate
  2. Banned gender selection of children. (Designer babies)

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