Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biomed > cardiovascular system > Flashcards

cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

what vessels are the site of nutrient, gas and waste exchange?

A

capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does the pulmonary circuit do?

A

sends oxygen-poor blood to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does the systemic circuit do?

A

sends oxygen-rich blood and nutrients to the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the deepest layer in the wall of the heart?

A

Endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which structures are part of the wall of the heart?

A

epicardium
myocardium
endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which structures are part of the coverings of the heart?

A

pericardium
fibrous pericardium
parietal pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is endocardium

A

blood comes in contact with the layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is pericardium

A

double layer membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is epicardium

A

contains adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is fibrous pericardium

A

outer layer of the pericardium
composed of dense connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is myocardium

A

made of cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is parietal pericardium

A

serous layer - secretes serous fluid
lines the fibrous pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the pericardial cavity?

A

contains the secreted serous fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the visceral pericardium?

A

outermost layer of the wall of heart
called epicardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the aorta?

A

largest artery in the body and the main artery of the systemic circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the pulmonary trunk?

A

large main artery of the pulmonary circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the left pulmonary vein?

A

returns blood from the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the inferior vena cava?

A

main vein draining lower body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the right pulmonary artery?

A

brings oxygen poor blood to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the superior vena cava?

A

large vein that drains the upper body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the right atrium?

A

upper right thin walled chamber of the heart

22
Q

what is the pulmonary valve?

A
  • valve at the beginning of the pulmonary trunk
  • also known as right semilunar valve
  • reduces backflow of blood from the pulmonary circuit
23
Q

what is the tricuspid valve

A
  • valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
  • also known as right atrioventricular valve
  • prevents backflow of blood to the right atrium
24
Q

what is the right ventricle

A

lower right thick walled chamber of the heart

25
Q

what is the papillary muscle

A

nipple like muscle inside the ventricles

26
Q

what is the mitral valve

A
  • valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle
  • also known as bicuspid valve or left atrioventricular valve
  • prevents backflow of blood to the left atrium
27
Q

what is the chordae tendineae

A

connective tissue strips that attach AV valves to papillary muscle

28
Q

what is the left ventricle

A

lower left thick walled chamber of the heart

29
Q

what is the aortic valve

A
  • valve between left ventricle and aorta
  • also known as left semilunar valve
  • reduces backflow of blood from the systemic circuit
30
Q

what is the fibrous skeleton?

A

connective tissue that surrounds the heart valves

31
Q

where is the heart located?

A

in the thoracic cavity

32
Q

where is the heart positioned?

A

between the lungs
in front of the vertebral column
behind the sternum

33
Q

what is the base of the heart?

A

point of attachment for major vessels
more superior

34
Q

what is the apex of the heart?

A

points inferiorly and to the left and sits at the level of the fifth intercostal space

35
Q

what is the order of (oxygen poo) blood flow through valves

A

tricuspid
pulmonary
bicuspid
aortic

36
Q

what happens to the chordae tendineae when papillary muscles contract with ventricles?

A

they become taut
prevent valves from opening into the atrium

37
Q

what are the systemic capillaries?

A

smallest blood vessel in the body tissue

38
Q

what vessel does the left ventricle pushes blood into?

A

aorta

39
Q

When do the semilunar valves open?

A

When pressure in the ventricles is greater than that of the arteries

40
Q

At the beginning of ventricular diastole, what position are the AV valves in?

A

AV valves are closed.

41
Q

What state are the ventricles in when the AV valves are open?

A

Ventricular diastole

42
Q

do AV valves and semilunar valves are open at the same time?

A

no

43
Q

What occurs after ventricular systole begins?

A

The semilunar valves open.

44
Q

What is the position of the valves during ventricular filling?

A

AV valves are open; semilunar valves are closed.

45
Q

When the first heart sound is heard, what is occuring with the heart valves?

A

the AV valves are closing.

46
Q

What causes the semilunar valves to open during the cardiac cycle?

A

when the ventricular muscle contracts and generates blood pressure within the ventricle higher than within the arterial tree.

47
Q

how does contraction of the heart begin?

A

with an autorhythmic impulse of the SAN located in the superior portion of the atrial wall

48
Q

what happens after the impulse of the SAN?

A

acts as a pacemaker
impulses disperse through the myocardium of the atria

49
Q

what happens after the impulses reach the myocardium of the atria

A

The impulse then arrives at the AVN located in the inferior interatrial septum

50
Q

what happens one the AV nodes fire?

A

signal travels into the AV bundle and AV bundle branches, both of which are located in the interventricular septum.

51
Q

what happens when the signal reaches the interventricular septum?

A

makes a U-turn at the apex of the heart, the signals are then carried by the Purkinje fibers through the exterior walls of the ventricles.

52
Q

what do parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerve secrete? and why?

A

acetylcholine to decrease heart rate

Biomed (59 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions