Kingdom Monera Flashcards
It belongs to
the
prokaryote family. The organisms
belonging to this kingdom do not contain
a true nucleus.
The ____ are unicellular organisms.
• They contain 70S ribosomes.
• The DNA is naked and is not bound by a nuclear membrane.
• It lacks organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, plastids, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, centrosome, etc.
• They reproduce asexually by binary fission or budding.
• The cell wall is rigid and made up of peptidoglycan.
• Flagellum serves as the locomotory organ.
• These are Page 5m
Kingdom Monera
are microscopic
organisms that can survive in diverse environments.
Bacteria
Description:
Bacteria are spherical or oval in shape
Cocci
Description:
These are rod-shaped
bacteria with or without flagella.
Bacilli
Description:
These are spiral or coiled shaped.
Spirillum
Description:
These are comma or kidney-shaped small bacteria with flagella at one end.
Vibrios
Description:
The body consists of small filaments like fungal mycelia
Filament
Description:
The bacterium possesses a stalk.
Stalked
Description:
The body of the bacterium is
swollen at places.
Budded
KINGDOM MONERA CLASSIFICATION
ARCHAEAbacteria- Archaebacteria, the most ancient bacteria, thrive in extreme habitats like salty areas (halophiles), hot springs (thermoacidophiles), and marshy areas (methanogens). Their cell wall structure differs from other bacteria, aiding their survival in such harsh conditions. This unique adaptation allows them to flourish
BACTERIA- Eubacteria
Eubacteria, also known as true bacteria, are the most common and diverse group within the former kingdom Monera. The Eubacteria have cell walls made up of Peptidoglycan, which gives them their characteristic shape and structure. Eubacteria can be divided into various groups based on factors like their shape (cocci,
CYANOBACTERIA- Cyanobacteria, often called blue-green algae, are photosynthetic bacteria crucial for various ecosystems. Their distinctive blue-green pigmentation, derived from chlorophyll a and phycocyanin, sets them apart. Found in diverse habitats, they convert sunlight into energy, producing oxygen as a byproduct.
Types of Archaebacteria
Halophiles
Inhabiting acidic
environments such as hot springs and acidic soils, acidophilic archaea can survive in conditions with low pH levels.
Thermophiles
Thermophiles are heat-loving organisms that exhibit optimal growth at a temperature above 60°C
or 140°F. Thermophiles are commonly found in hot springs and deep sea hydrothermal vents. Most thermophilles are classified as archae because they are
single-celled organisms without nuclei. However, some can be classified as thermophillic bacteria.
Acidophiles
Inhabiting acidic environments such as
hot springs and acidic soils, acidophilic archaea can survive in conditions with lo Page
pH levels..
Methanogens
Found in anaerobic environments,
methanogens produce methane as a byproduct of their metabolism, aiding in the decomposition of organic
How Do Bacteria reproduce?
Bacteria primarily reproduce through a process called binary fission, where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. In binary fission, the bacterial cell duplicates its genetic material and divides into two separate compartments, each containing a complete set of DNA. This rapid and efficient method of reproduction allows bacteria to multiply quickly under favorable conditions, contributing to
