Ulvophytes

Question 1

What habitats can you find ulvophytes in

Answer 1

all three habitats

Question 2

What flagellur apparatus do the ulvophytes have

Answer 2

CCW flagellar apparatus

Question 3

What cell division do the ulvophyta show

Answer 3

closed nuclear cell division with cleavage furrow

Question 4

What was the primitive ulvophyte

Answer 4

Ulotriachales

Question 5

Describe the ulotrichales

Answer 5

• primitive ulvophyte
• have asexual and sexual reproduction
• ## have 4 flagellum zoospores or biflagellate gametes

Question 6

Describe the sexual reproduction in Ulotrichaleans

Answer 6

• zygotic meiosis produces aplanospores –> which is haploid filamentous state

Question 7

What is the similarities between the ulotrichales and Ulvales

Answer 7

• both grow attached to substrates, and are phytobenthic
• both occur in freshwater and marine habitats, but ulvales mostly intertidal
• ulvaleans are single cell or double cell layered membranous taxa

Question 8

Describe the ulvales

Answer 8

these consists of uninucleated filamenoutes with alternation of generations

–>most in intertidal areas

Question 9

Describe the ulvalean life history

Answer 9

have dominant haploid life form

• codiolum stage enables species to withstand periods of freezing and dessication
• parsinophyte like gametes and zoospores
• isomorphic alternation of generations

Question 10

Describe the cladophorales

Answer 10

this is an order consisting of filamentous, MULTINUCLEATED with numerous discoid shaped chloroplasts
- nuisance algae = blooms of coars hairy wig like mats

Question 11

What does coenocytic mean

Answer 11

means the cells are multinucleated

Question 12

What does siphonous mean

Answer 12

Whole algae that entirely lack cell walls and are multinucleated

Question 13

Cladophoraleans are coenocytic and siphonous - what does this mean

Answer 13

• coenocytic = multinucleated
• siphonous = entirely lack cell walls and multinucleated

Question 14

What doe cladophoraceans do to prevent extensive bleeding of cells when damaged

Answer 14

• the multiple nuclei migrate to the center and this is followed by the formation of a septum/cell wall

Question 15

Describe the calcification in Caulerpales - ulvophytes

Answer 15

-they deposit calcium carbonate on their cell walls as photosynthesis increase the pH

Question 16

Describe the Caulerpa taxifolia - an invasive Caulerpales

Answer 16

• they are native to tropical oceans
• form huge monospecific meadows
• capable of clonal growth via rhizoidal runners and fragmentation (they don’t need sexual reproduction)

Question 17

Describe the trentepohliales

Answer 17

these are exclusively a terrestrial green algal group

• often a phycobiont with lichens
• produce pigments as UV protection
• have plasmodesmata