Schizophrenia - management Flashcards
1
Q
what are token economies
A
desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement
2
Q
how are token economies developed
A
Ayllon and Azrin
- trialled token economies in a ward of women with SZ
- number of tasks carried out significantly increased
3
Q
what did Johnny Matson et al find
A
- three categories of institutionalisation behaviour that are tackled by token economies
- personal care
- condition related behaviour
- social behaviour
4
Q
what are the benefits of token economies
A
- improves persons quality of life within the hospital setting
- normalises behaviour and makes it easier for people who have spent time in a hospital to adapt back to normal life
5
Q
how is operant conditioning involved
A
- tokens are secondary reinforcers - only have value once they can be used to obtain rewards
- rewards are primary reinforces
6
Q
what are the strengths of token economies
A
Glowacki et al
- studied studies that examined the effectiveness of people with SZ and lived in a hospital setting
- all showed a reduction in negative symptoms
7
Q
what are the limitations of token economies
A
Ethical issues
Chiang et al
- art therapy may be more effective
- high gain low risk approach
- hard to continue outside of the hospital setting
