B5 Enzymes Flashcards
What are enzymes?
Protein molecules that catalyse specific reaction in organisms
What does catalyse mean?
To speed up a reaction
Why are enzymes described as specific ?
Because each enzyme only catalyses a specific reaction because the active site only fits together with certain substrates (like a lock and a key)
Describe the function of amylase
To break down starch into simple sugars
Where is amylase produced?
Salivary glands
Pancreas
Small intestine
Describe the function of proteases
To break proteins into amino acids
Where r proteases produced?
Stomach
Pancreas
Small intestine
Describe the function of lipase
To break down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
Where are lipases produced?
Pancreas
Small intestine
What are two factors that affect the rate of activity of an enzyme?
Temperature and pH
What does denatured mean?
When the shape of an enzyme’s active site is changed by high temperature or an extreme pH so it can no longer bind with the substrate
