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Anatomy > Nervous system > Flashcards

Nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

functions of the nervous system

A

body control centre and communication network
sense changes and interpret changes and respond to changes

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2
Q

neurons

A

transmit electrical impulses

motor
and sensory

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3
Q

glial cells

A

provide protection and nutrients

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4
Q

central nervous system

A

brain and spinal chord
protected by the axial skelton

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5
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

cranial and spinal nerves
connect to CNS
connect to skin and glands

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6
Q

cranial nerves

A

12 nerves that emerge from brain and brainstem
supply muscles/ skin of head and neck
supply viscera of thorax and abdomin

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7
Q

spinal nerves

A

31 pairs
8-cervical
12-thoracic
5-lumbar
5-sacral-1-cocygeal

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8
Q

dorsal root

A

where sensory neurons come into spinal chord posterior

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9
Q

venteral root

A

where motot neurons come into spinal chord anterior

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10
Q

spinal nerve

A

where the motor and snesory neuron join
usually at exit of the veterbral collum

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11
Q

dorsal ramus

A

supply muscles and skin on the back

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12
Q

venteral ramus

A

supply anterior muscle and skin and limbs

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13
Q

branches of spinal nerves

A

dorsal and venteral ramus

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14
Q

sensory distribution of nerves

A

to skin- sensation= hot or cold
to joints= sensation of joints- propreoception

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15
Q

propreoception

A

bodies own awareness of own postion of joints

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16
Q

motor distribution

A

goes to muscle= turn muscle on
therefore it will develop tension

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17
Q

cervical plexus

A

C 1,2,3,4
neck and diaphragm

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18
Q

brachial plexus

A

C 5 6 7 8 T 1
upper limb

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19
Q

Lumbar plexus

A

L 1 2 3 4
supplies lower limb

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20
Q

lumbosacral plexus

A

L 4 5 S 1 2 3
lower limb

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21
Q

what happens when nerves join and plat

A

they change direction

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22
Q

genitofemoral nerve

A

sit on top of psoas major

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23
Q

lateral femoral cutaenous nerve

A

wrap around illacus and aroun ASIS
Skin and sensory

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24
Q

femoral nerve ROOT

A

L 2 3 4

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25
Q

FEMORAL NERVE

A

L 2 3 4
UNDER PSOAS MAJOR INFRONT OF ILLACUS

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26
Q

obturator nerve root

A

L 2 3 4
deep towards obturator foramen

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27
Q

siatic nerve root

A

L 4 5
S 1 2 3
large

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28
Q

femoral nerve sensory distribution

A

skin of anterior/ medial thigh/ knee and hip joint

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29
Q

femoral nerve motor distribution

A

illiacus
pectineus
satorious
quads group

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30
Q

saphenous sensory distribution

A

skin of medial thigh and base of 1st phalanges

branch of femoral nerve

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31
Q

obturator nerve motor distribution

A

pectineus
adductor brevis
adductor longus
adductor magnus anterior half
obturator externus
gracilis

32
Q

obturator nerve sensory distribution

A

skin of medial thigh and hip joint

33
Q

lateral femoral cutaenous sensory

A

skin of lateral thigh

34
Q

genitofemoral sensory distrubution

A

skin of medial thigh and skin of external genitals

35
Q

muscular branches

A

straight off pelvis and to muscle
motor distribution is illacus psoas ajor and hip joint

36
Q

posteior femoral snesory distribution

A

skin of posterior thigh and leg to mud calf

37
Q

superior gluteal nerve motor distrubution

A

glut medius
glut minimus
TFL

38
Q

superior gluteal sensory

A

hip joint

39
Q

inferior gluteal nerve motor distribution

A

glut max

40
Q

inferior gluteal nerve sensory distubution

A

hip joint

41
Q

muscular branches of lumbrosacral plexus

A

motor is deep external rotators
mimus
obt externals
sensory is hip joint

42
Q

siatic nerve motor

A

hamstrings
and posterior half of adductor magnus

43
Q

siatic nerve sensory

A

hip and knee joint

44
Q

siatic nerve splits

A

tibial
common preoneal
deep peroneal

45
Q

tibial nerve

A

gastrocs
soleus
plantarus
popliteus
TP
FHL
FDL
SPLITS BEHIND LATERAL MALLEOUS INTO medial and lateral plantar AND SUREAL

46
Q

medial plantar

A

ABD hall
FDB
FHB
Skin of medial and 3 and 1/3 digits joints of foot

47
Q

lateral plantar

A

FDMB
ADD HALL
2,3,4 lumbricals
interossei
ADDM
FA
Skin of lateral and 1 1/2 digits

48
Q

sural

A

common peroneal and tibial region
skin of lateral and posterior leg

49
Q

common peroneal

A

wraps around neck of fibula
knee joint and skin of anterior and posterior lateral upper leg
superfical peroneal is PL PB skin of lat leg and dorsum of foot

50
Q

deep peroneal

A

TA
EHL
EDL
PT
EDB
under the retinacula
ankle and foot joints
skin between digits 1 and 2

51
Q

sural description

A

between 2 gastrocs ead
lateral to achilies tendon
pass behind lateral malloulous
runs foward lateral foot

52
Q

femoral tiangle

A

is made of satorious adductor longus and inginuial ligament
arery and nerve supply is superficial so vunerable to damage

53
Q

femoral nerve description

A

runs in groves between illacus and psoas major
runns under inginual ligament
divides into branches after femoral trinagle

54
Q

sciatic nerve description

A

leaves pelvis enters glut region through greater sciatic foramen
sits bellow pilliforms
down back of thigh splits at back of knee

55
Q

tibial nerve description

A

through popliteus fossa b/w semiten and biceps fem
pass deep to gastroc
decends oblique to fdl fhl
pass behind medial mallolous and enter plantar of foot

56
Q

peroneal description

A

pass upper popliteal fossa
pass around neck of fib
divides into superfical and deep
super- b/w edl pl over extensor ret

deep= superfical to ehl edl

57
Q

nerve legions

A

some form of damage to a nerve

58
Q

close to skin nerves are vunerable to

A

penertrating injury

59
Q

if nerve is between skin and bone vunerable to

A

crushing injury

60
Q

if nerve is between retinacula and bone

A

it is vinerable to squashing

61
Q

if nerve on bone vunerable to

A

fracture

62
Q

types of legions

A

paralyisis
paresis
loss of sensation
( seen distal to legion )

63
Q

myotome

A

group of muscles supplied by one spinal nerve

64
Q

dermatome

A

sensory teriotry supplied by a single nerve

65
Q

the hip supplied

A

flexion- L2 L3
extension L4 L5

66
Q

KNEE SUPPLID

A

extension L3 L4
flexion L5 S1

67
Q

ankle supplied

A

flexion L4 L5
extension S1 S2

68
Q

TOES SUPPLIED

A

extension L5 S1
flexion S1 S2

69
Q

Dermatome L1

A

medial upper thigh
lateral hip
anterior hip
distial to inguinial ligament

70
Q

demratome L2

A

lower hip
lateral hip
upper anterior thigh
medial thigh

71
Q

dermatome L3

A

mid lateral thigh
down lower anterior thigh across midial knee joint to medial upper leg anterior

72
Q

dermatome L4

A

lower lateral thigh to medial knee joint anterior leg
lower medial leg
medial dorsum of foot

73
Q

S1 dermatome

A

lateral glut max
down lateral posterior thigh
lateral knee posterior
lateral leg
anterior lateral dosum of foot

74
Q
A
75
Q
A

Anatomy (16 decks)

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