Cardiff Q - SBA session Flashcards
Mechanism of botulinum toxin action
Inhibition of Acetyl choline release from pre-junctional axon at neuromuscular junction
Explanation for foetal circulation resulting brain being supplied by blood with higher oxygen content than that supplying the limbs
Higher O2 content blood passes through foramen ovale, ejected by left ventricle up the carotids
Electrical voltage and frequency in UK
Peak = 340 V
RMS = 240 V
(RMS = Root Mean Squared value)
50 Hz
Absolute risk reduction
Control event rate - experimental event rate
Relative risk reduction
Control event rate - experimental event rate / control event rate
Number needed to treat
1 / absolute risk reduction
Brainstem death testing cranial nerves
Total resistance of resistors in parallel
1/ R total = 1/ R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 ….
Total resistance of resistors in series
R total = R1 + R2 + R3 ….
Venturi mask ratios
Always given as Air : Oxygen
Eg Venturi 3:1 is 3 air to 1 O2
Heat loss mechanisms order of significance
Really Cold Eggs Ruin Cake
Radiation
Convection
Evaporation
Respiration
Conduction
When is suxamethonium safe to use with burns patients
Up to 24-48 hours after burn
After that upregulation of extra-junctional receptors increases risk of hyperkalaemia
Renal clearance equation
Clearance = Urinary concentration x Urinary volume / Plasma concentration
Clearance ml/min
Concentrations mg/ml
Volume ml
Relevance of Volume of Distribution of a drug
Context sensitive half life
Affected by lipid solubility
Effect of pregnancy on PaCO2
Hyperventilation leads to reduced CO2
