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MRCP PACES Neurology > Neurology Examination Basics and Clinical Signs > Flashcards

Neurology Examination Basics and Clinical Signs Flashcards

1
Q

Biceps reflex

A

C5, C6

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2
Q

Brachioradialis reflex

A

C5, C6

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3
Q

Triceps brachii reflex

A

C6, C7

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4
Q

Knee jerk reflex

A

L3, L4

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5
Q

Ankle reflex

A

S1

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6
Q

MRC power grading scale

A

0 - no movement at all
1 - flicker or trace contraction
2 - active movement when gravity eliminated
3 - active movement against gravity
4 - active movement against gravity and resistance
5 - normal full strength

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7
Q

Action: Shoulder abduction
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Deltoids
Axillary nerve
C5

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8
Q

Action: Elbow flexion
A. supinated ; B. half pronated
- Muscle , nerve, myotome

A

A. Supinated
Biceps, brachialis
Musculocutaneous nerve
C5, C6

B. Half pronated
Brachioradialis
Radial nerve
C5, C6

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9
Q

Action: Elbow extension
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Triceps brachii
Radial nerve
C7

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10
Q

Action: wrist extension
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Wrist extensors and finger extensors
Radial nerve
C6

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11
Q

Action: fingers flexion
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

FDS and FDP
FDS: median nerve
FDP: median and ulnar nerves
C8

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12
Q

Action: fingers abduction
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Dorsal interossei, abductor digiti minimi
Ulnar nerve
T1

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13
Q

Action: hip flexion
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Iliopsoas, quadriceps
L1-L3 root (iliopsoas)
L1, L2, L3

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14
Q

Action: hip extension
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Gluteus maximum
Inferior gluteal nerve
L5, S1

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15
Q

Action: hip abduction and internal rotation
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimum, tnsor fasciae latae
Superior gluteal nerve
L5

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16
Q

Action: knee extension
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Quadriceps femoris
Femoral nerve
L3, L4

17
Q

Action: knee flexion
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Hamstring (2 pairs: long/short bicep femoris laterally; semitendinosus and semimembranosus medially)
Sciatic nerve
S1

18
Q

Action: ankle dorsiflexion
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Tibialis anterior
Deep peroneal nerve
L4, L5

19
Q

Action: ankle plantar flexion

A

Gastrocnemius
Tibial nerve
S1

20
Q

Action: hallux extension
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Extensor hallucis longus
Deep peroneal nerve
L5

21
Q

Action: ankle eversion
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Peroneus longus and brevis
Superficial peroneal nerve
L5, S1

22
Q

Action: ankle inversion
- Muscle, nerve, myotome

A

Tibialis posterior, tibialis anterior
Tibial and deep peroneal nerve
L4

23
Q

Spinothalamic

A

Pain, temperature

24
Q

Dorsal column medial lemniscus (DCML)

A

fine touch, proprioception, vibration (128Hz tuning fork)

25
Q

Where to place tuning fork?
A. Upper limbs
B. Lower limbs

A

A. Upper limbs
- Distal or proximal IPJ
- MCPJ
- Radial or ulnar styloids
- Olecranon
- Clavicle

B. Lower limbs
- IPJ of big toe
- Medial or lateral malleoli of ankle
- ASIS

26
Q

Sequence of examination of upper limbs
(m: EIM FTRPSCPV)

A

Exposure: Remove shirt
Inspection: surroundings for aids; patient’s head, neck, shoulder, back, arms for wasting, scars, abnormalities
Manoeuvers: pronator drift, wrist hyperextension, 5 myotonic grips
Fasciculations
Tone
Reflexes
Power
Sensation - touch (dorsal column) ; pain (spinothalamic)
Coordination: past pointing, dysdiadochokinesia
Proprioception: thumb
Vibration with 128Hz tuning fork (dorsal column)

27
Q

Sequence of examination of lower limbs
(m: EI FTRMBPSCPV G)

A

Exposure: Remove pants ideally - inguinal to toes
Inspection: surroundings for aids; patient’s neck, shoulder, back, arms for wasting, scars, abnormalities
Fasciculations
Tone
Reflexes
Myoclonus - 3 or more beats
Babinski
Power
Sensation - touch (dorsal column) ; pain (spinothalamic)
Coordination: heel shin test
Proprioception: big toe
Vibration with 128Hz tuning fork (dorsal column)
Gait

MRCP PACES Neurology (9 decks)

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