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Clinical Exercise Prescription > Balance, flexibility and movement > Flashcards

Balance, flexibility and movement Flashcards

1
Q

Direct assessment

A

more accurate, but not functional

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2
Q

Indirect assessment

A

associating a movement, time or task with balance

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3
Q

Romberg test

A

Type of indirect test of balance. Done eyes open and eyes closed.

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4
Q

Balance feedback

A

sight, hearing, proprioception

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5
Q

BESS Test

A

can be used for concussion or fatigue

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6
Q

Unipedal test

A

timed one-leg stance test that measures static balance

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7
Q

Dynamic balance

A

synonymous with stability, ability to keep control of our body overall (total body)

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8
Q

Functional reach test

A

dynamic test

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9
Q

Time up and go

A

Dynamic test - balance,agility and strength for older adults.

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10
Q

Star excursion test

A

Dynamic test - quantitative value of improvements. Good to assess recovery on lower body injury.

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11
Q

Star excursion test directions

A

Anterior. medial, lateral and posterior and in between directions, Based on stance leg. Downside is the more you do it, the better you get. May end up with 88 attempts for each leg (176 total)

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12
Q

Y balance

A

Modified version of Star Excursion. Looks at critical reach directions (3) Anterior, posteromedial, posterolateral (3 trials each after 6-8 tests).

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13
Q

Y balance test faults

A

Kicking box, not returning to start position under control, touching down during reach, foot on top of stance plate

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14
Q

Y balance scoring

A

uses normative data, looks at symmetry. Measured in absolute values and can be impacted by the height of client. > 4cm difference is asymmetric for anterior, >6 cm for posterior

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15
Q

Star Excursion restriction

A

ankle mobility, hands must stay on hips

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16
Q

Y balance test issues

A

preconditions, loss of balance

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17
Q

Three layers of needed motion

A

Mobility (biggest issue), Stability (load & core control), Dynamic motor control (movement pattern)

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18
Q

Core control stabilizing

A

local and global stabilizing

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19
Q

MObility vs. flexibility

A

mobility is controlled and dynamic, flexibility is passive. Flexibility can influence mobility.

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20
Q

Test the difference between

A

passive ROM for flexibility, controlled movement for mobility.

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21
Q

Muscular imbalance

A

leads to altered mobility. Acute injuries if not rehabilitied correctly can lead to chronic injuries

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22
Q

Joint by Joint Theory

A

Inter-regional dependence model. Injury can up the chain.

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23
Q

FMS

A

A movement screening assessment tool that designed to stress mobility, stability and movement of the body

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24
Q

Injury and FMS

A

Injury changes your movement pattern, you can not do FMS if person is injured. Chronic injuries may be an exception.

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25
Q

FMS test

A

7 tests - 2 mobility, 2 stability, 3 dynamic

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26
Q

FMS Scoring - 0

A

Pain in the movement

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27
Q

FMS Scoring - 1

A

Movement is deficient and below minimums. One needs to be fixed and asymmetries

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28
Q

FMS Scoring - 2

A

Movement is sufficient to load and train

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29
Q

FMS Scoring - 3

A

Movement is near perfect

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30
Q

FMS Scoring general

A

Scoring may not tell us the full picture. Consider the individual and movement. Carry over lower score. 14 is a cutoff for exponential rise injury.

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31
Q

FMS peer reviewed research

A

FMS composite score may be associated with injury risk. Does not predict athletic performance. May help balance and fall risk. Needs a competent scorer. The theory is to improve individual movement patterns.

32
Q

FMS Deep Squat

A

1st screen

33
Q

Hurdle Step

A

2nd screen

34
Q

Inline lunge

A

3rd screen

35
Q

FMS shoulder mobility

A

Can help determine impact of any upper body mobility issues

36
Q

FMS ASLR

A

Can be argued the most important movement in FMS. Not a flexibility test. It is a hip mobility test.

37
Q

Stability areas

A

Global (motion of spine and hips) vs. local (spine)

38
Q

FMS Push Up stability

A

Global stability

39
Q

FMS Rotary stability

A

local stabilization system, deeper muscles

40
Q

FMS Flexion/ Rocking clearing test

A

Test hip and lower back

41
Q

FMS clearing test

A

associated with the assessment, scored + / - (+ = zero)

42
Q

FMS shoulder clearing

A

Tests for impingement

43
Q

FMS extension/press up n clearing test

A

Test lumbar back

44
Q

FMS test order

A

takes precedent in correction

45
Q

Corrective exercise strategy

A

Inhibit, lengthen, activate, integrate

46
Q

Muscular imbalance

A

resting length and activation issue

47
Q

Synergistic dominant

A

contributes force but not prime mover

48
Q

CEX - inhibit

A

overactive muscles, self myofascial release

49
Q

CEX - lengthen

A

overactive

50
Q

CEX - activate

A

underactive

51
Q

CEX - Integrate

A

Balance

52
Q

Inhibition

A

myofascial release, relaxation of GTOs

53
Q

Lengthening

A

stretching overactive muscles, allowing a fuller range of motion

54
Q

Passive static stretching

A

using a partner to help with stretch

55
Q

Activation

A

working underactive muscles either in an isolated or positional isometric mode

56
Q

Isolated strength mode

A

can be isolated in a single joint and plane of motion

57
Q

Positional isometric mode

A

for muscles that can be isolated easily in a single joint and plane motion

58
Q

Integration

A

movement we can evaluate and challenges muscles targeted. No assistance exercises, core exercises.

59
Q

Progression with corrective exercise

A

increase volume, reps then sets

60
Q

Static stretching

A

no increase in blood flow, possible strength loss

61
Q

Dynamic stretching

A

no loss of strength, not recommended for lengthening due to stretch reflex

62
Q

Warm -up prior to stretching

A

improves stretching reponse

63
Q

FITT static stretching

A

2-3 times per week, slight discomfort, 60 secs, 10-30 (30-60), 2-4 sets

64
Q

Ballistic Stretching

A

Rapid and bouncing movements, activates autogenic facilitation (muscle spindles). Done to mild discomfort. BEst used for those doing explosive sports.

65
Q

Dynamic flexibility

A

Increase in muscle temp and circulation. Sport specific movements. Eccentric training.

66
Q

PNF stretching

A

Uses autogenic and reciprocal inhibition. Happens in the contract position

67
Q

Contract Relax

A

Stretch and release. Concentric, full range of motion

68
Q

Hold and relax

A

isometric contraction. Autogenic inhibition happens during hold.

69
Q

Agonist contraction

A

No longer passive, active contraction causing reciprocal inhibition

70
Q

Stretch return contract

A

leg comes all the way back down

71
Q

PNF for clinical

A

Good for rehab, not as necessary for clinical population

72
Q

Balance

A

ability to keep our center of mass within our base of support

73
Q

Balance issues

A

can be multimodal

74
Q

Balance recommendations

A

background history/injuries/testing, body comp, flexibility, movement analysis, muscular strength testing

75
Q

FMS correction

A

deficiencies and asymmetries

76
Q

Y balance asymmetries

A

> 4cm difference is asymmetric for anterior, >6 cm for posterior

Clinical Exercise Prescription (11 decks)

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