Environmental and social factors affecting development

Question 1

What are environmental factors?

Answer 1

Factors that are linked to where an individual lives or the area they inhabit.

Question 2

Examples of outdoor and indoor pollutants

Answer 2

OUTDOOR- traffic fumes, industry pesticides and building site waste

INDOOR- cleaning chemicals, aerosols, mould and carbon monoxide

Question 3

impacts of these pollutants

Answer 3

Respiratory disorders like bronchitis, asthma and lung cancer.

cardiovascular problems like artery blockage, heart attack.

Question 4

Poor housing conditions

Answer 4

can cause short/long term health conditions.
poor ventilation and damp can lead to mould and respiratory issues.

overcrowding can lead to anxiety, depression and faster spread of illness.

lack of heating can cause hypothermia.

poor sanitation can increase risk of infections.

Question 5

Barriers

Answer 5

service availability- geographical areas- may be far from services they need to access.

individual circumstances- mobility restrictions, learning or communication barriers, personal life

Question 6

SOCIAL FACTORS

Answer 6

focuses on the role of the family and social interactions and cultural influences.

Question 7

Dysfunctional families

Answer 7

Members do not perform their functions. Members displaying negativity towards each other, siblings fighting and conflict or abuse.

This can be caused by parental upbringing a parent could have a mental illness or be an alcoholic.

This can lead to stress, health issues or even drug or alcohol use as a way to cope.

Question 8

Parenting styles

Answer 8

SUPPORTIVE - AUTHORITIVE: children are self controlled, they are confident and have a high self esteem.

UNSUPPORTIVE-AUTHORITARIAN: children have poor social skills and have a low self esteem

UNDEMANDING PERMISSIVE- Children are self confident, impulsive and have poor friendships.

UNDEMANDING DISENGAGED: children have low self esteem and confidence and poor attachments.

Question 9

Bullying

Answer 9

can cause stress, anxiety, withdrawing from social gatherings. Furthermore- low self-esteem/confidence/self-image. Eating disorders, self harm and feeling suicidal.

Question 10

Religion and culture

Answer 10

Beliefs that may prevent medical intervention

• Jehovah’s Witness no blood transfusions.

-Dietary restrictions Hindu and Sikh
vegetarianism,

• Muslims no alcohol, fasting and only eating halal meat.