B16 Inheritance Flashcards
What are Chromosomes?
chromosomes are made of DNA, which contains genetic information in the
form of genes
What is a Gene
A gene is a length of DNA that codes
for a protein
What is an allele
alternative form of a
gene
Describe the inheritance of sex in humans
XX-Female
XY-Male
What is a Haploid Nucleus
a nucleus containing a single set of chromosomes
What is a Diploid Nucleus
a nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes
What is in a diploid cell
There is a pair of each type of chromosome and in a human diploid cell there are 23 pairs
What is Mitosis
nuclear division giving
rise to genetically identical cells
What is the role of Mitosis
repair of damaged tissues, replacement of cells and
asexual reproduction
what happens before mitosis
the exact replication of
chromosomes occurs before mitosis
What happens during mitosis
the copies of chromosomes separate, maintaining the
chromosome number in each daughter cell
What is Meiosis
meiosis is involved in the
production of gametes
What happens during Meiosis
reduction division in
which the chromosome number is halved
from diploid to haploid resulting in genetically
different cells
What is inheritance?
the transmission
of genetic information from generation to
generation
What is genotype
genetic make-up
of an organism and in terms of the alleles
present
