Psychological Terms

Question 1

independent variable

Answer 1

The variable that researchers manipulate or control in an experimental study to explore its effects.

It’s called “independent” because it’s not influenced by any other variables in the study.

Question 2

factor

Answer 2

independent variable in an experiment, especially those that include two or more independent variables

Question 3

Factorial design

Answer 3

A research design that includes two or more factors.

Question 4

Quasi-independent

Answer 4

Attributes cannot be manuablated in an experiment such as gender , age

Question 5

Main effect

Answer 5

research refers to the impact of one independent variable on the dependent variable

Question 6

Mean difference:

Answer 6

difference between the average values of two distinct groups in a clinical trial or research study.

If we’re comparing the effectiveness of a new drug (experimental group) to a placebo (control group) in reducing blood pressure, the mean difference would reveal the absolute difference in average blood pressure readings between these two groups

the mean difference helps researchers understand the impact of an intervention by directly comparing the means of relevant outcome measures

Question 7

Between subject design

Answer 7

Different group of people given the same or different condition in an experiment, to test their difference

Question 8

within-subject design

Answer 8

The same group of people receive different tests to see different outcomes

Question 9

The general disadvantage of between-subject design

Answer 9

Individual differences can affect the result and make it harder to determine the true effect of the independent variable.

Question 10

Differential design

Answer 10

study two or more different groups based on preexisting attributes and conditions, such as age and gender, without manipulating conditions and variables.

Question 11

advantages of using qualitative research over quantitive

Answer 11

Qualitative research helps us to understand the topic from the perspective of the parents of these adolescents.

As researchers, we might not know what questions to ask on a survey if we really don’t know much about these parents.

Question 12

Qualitative research

Answer 12

Qualitative research is a methodological approach that involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences.

It’s used to gain in-depth insights into a problem or to generate new ideas for research.

Question 13

Quantitivity research

Answer 13

Quantitative research is a systematic approach that focuses on collecting and analyzing numerical data to uncover patterns, trends, and correlations.

It’s characterized by the use of statistical methods to quantify variables and often employs surveys, experiments, or observational studies to gather measurable data.

Question 14

The process used to come up with themes in qualitative research by continually referring back to the text to see what the participants actually said?

Answer 14

iterative

Question 15

The name of the committee that would have had to approve this study beforehand in order to protect the welfare of the participants?

Answer 15

The Institutional Review Board.

Question 16

When I am asked how many factors a study has

Answer 16

i should translate into how many independent variables a study has

I should check the result section; whatever variable category is mentioned have affected the result, they are the factors

Question 17

Notation: O

Answer 17

Observation

Question 18

Notation: X

Answer 18

Treatments

Question 19

Graphic notaion 3x4 design

Answer 19

Check saved picture

Question 20

The advantage of case study

Answer 20

we can learn a lot about one individual.

Question 21

The disadvantage of case study

Answer 21

The disadvantage is that the findings might not generalize to others.

Question 22

Five type of research strategy:

Answer 22

1. Descriptive
2. Correclational
3. Experimental
4. Quasi-experimenta
5. Non-experimental

Question 23

Nomothetic approach

Answer 23

identify general laws. and principles that apply to groups and individual

Question 24

Idiographic approach

Answer 24

study an individual in a unique context

Question 25

advantage of the longitudinal study

Answer 25

We don’t have to worry about cohort effects. We can observe change over time.

Question 26

attrition

Answer 26

participant withdrawal from a research study before it is completed

attrition threatens internal viaditality

Question 27

what are types of threats of internal vaduirtality

Answer 27

History
Instrumentation
Order Effects
Maturation
Statistical regression
Attrition

Question 28

what are types of statistic analysis

Answer 28

1. Descriptive.
2. Correlational
3. Experimental
4. quasi-experimental:
5. Nonexperimental:

Question 29

multiply regression

Question 30

what are types of research design

Question 31

Predictor variable

Answer 31

An independent variable, is the variable that is used to forecast or predict the outcome of another variable,

Question 32

Criteria Variable

Answer 32

a dependent variable or a response variable. It is the outcome that researchers aim to predict or explain in a study. In statistical analysis, the criterion variable is the one being predicted or affected by the independent variables (or predictor variables).

Question 33

Multiple regression analysis

Answer 33

Multiple regression analysis is a statistical technique that uses several explanatory variables (also known as independent variables) to predict the outcome of a response variable (dependent variable).

You would use multiple regression because we want to know how two variables are related to relationship adjustment at Time 2.

Question 34

Cohort effect

Question 35

single subject design

Answer 35

that can be used with only one participant (or subject) in the entire research study