fiscal policy Flashcards

1
Q

why are banks relevant

A

because we rely on them because important to purchase stuff

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2
Q

fiscal policy is

A

the use of gov spending and taxation to infleunce the economy

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3
Q

expenditures

A

by govnt
-need labor, creates jobs, stimulates economy

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4
Q

transfer payments

A

different way to stimulate economy. gov on behlf of citizens choose how to spend money

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5
Q

investment

A

rare in the US for gov to buy stocks. when a firm, like abnk, are systematically impotrnat to our economy we will

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6
Q

what is the govs primary means of generating revenue

A

taxation

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7
Q

who sets interest rate

A

fed, fed setts FFR

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8
Q

how did volker fight inflation

A

by raising rates crazy

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9
Q

mandatory budgeted expenditures

A

dictated by prior law and not voted on by congress

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10
Q

mandatory budgeted expenditures ex

A

medicare

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11
Q

discretionary budgeted expenditures example

A

national defense and education

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12
Q

interest budgeted expenditures

A

not productive because citizens font benefit. beneits whoever owns the security

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13
Q

supplemental expenditures are

A

enacted outside of the orindary appropriations process

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14
Q

supplemental expenditures ex

A

covid, TARP

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15
Q

when government spends more =

A

federal expansion

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16
Q

fiscal expansion

A

increase in discretionary/suplemental spending

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17
Q

fiscal comtraction

A

decrease in discretionary/supplemental spending

18
Q

what happens with fiscal contraction

A

destroy jobs, but at least bring down price level

19
Q

if most peopple are employed may not use what

A

fiscal expansion
-would use (-) channel

20
Q

how does G ingluece C and I positively

A

HH receive more income and , so they spend more. when people spend more, firms invest more

21
Q

how does G ingluece C and I negatively

A

as the govnt increases tax for other resources, it crowds out private consumption and investment

22
Q

total effect is

A

direct and indeirect

23
Q

which effect matters the most

A

direct effect is leasy important and total is most important

24
Q

positive indirect effects outweigh the negtive indirect effects is

A

keynesian hope of amplification

25
Q

the negetaive indirect effect outweighs the positive indirect effects

A

(-) overpowers (+) so multiplier is less than 1

26
Q

do peopple spend each dollar of their stimulus checks

A

no because they would invest it and use it to repay their debts

27
Q

what are teh pros and cons of stimulus payments vis-a-vis government expenditures

A

big benefit of trasnfer payments were no contact and speed

28
Q

does the US by stocks? why?

A

no, US gov does not buy stocks b/c it is risky
-tehre have been instances when gov wants to help econpmy or certain firms that are important
-US has invested in 8 big banks

29
Q

how can you detect a balance sheet that is illiquid

A

because hsort term debt outweighs money
-ther debt instrument is deposits
-have maturity of zero, but not due

30
Q

how can you detect a balance sheet that is insolvent

A

it is a problem, detect it when all its assets are less than its debts

31
Q

TGA

A

account with fed treasury has

32
Q

what happens when gov loers taxes

A

the government can boost consumer spending and/or capital investment

33
Q

is aggregate supply or demand easier to impact

A

demand

34
Q

two ways to stimilate aggregate supply

A

labor and labor productivity

35
Q

why did labor increase in 1950-1980

A

women entered workforce

36
Q

what happens if you lower income tax

A

more incentive to work

37
Q

what happens if you lower corporate tax

A

more profitable for firms to hire ppl (labor demand)

38
Q

how do you stimulate labor

A

taxes

39
Q

transmission

A

tax cut might inc tax income because work more

40
Q

fiscal space

A

may limit a govnt ability to spend and/or cut taxes in teh future

41
Q

laffer curve illustrates

A

some sort if optimal tax rate that is less than 1. if you tax too much no one will work and at make no money

42
Q

for laffer curve are they truing to optimize T*

A

they are not trying tp optimize this, they want to maximize welfare
-dont raise axes oto much
-dec taxes inc income was logic for curve