1.4 Proteins

Question 1

What are the 5 different types of proteins?

Answer 1

Hormones
Antibodies
Receptors
Enzymes
Structural

Question 2

What is a structural protein?

Answer 2

A protein that provides support to the cell/organism

Question 3

What is an antibody?

Answer 3

Protect the body from pathogens (disease)

Question 4

What is a receptor protein?

Answer 4

Proteins found on the surface of the cell that allow the transmission of signals across the cell membrane

Question 5

What is an enzyme?

Answer 5

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions and remains unchanged in the process

Question 6

What is a hormone?

Answer 6

A chemical messenger

Question 7

What is a protein made out of?

Answer 7

A chain of amino acids, the order of which determines the structure and therefore function of the protein

Question 8

What is a substrate?

Answer 8

The molecule the enzyme is working on

Question 9

What is the active site?

Answer 9

The part of the enzyme the substrate attaches to, complementary with and specific to the enzyme’s specific substrate

Question 10

What are the 2 types of reaction?

Answer 10

Synthesis (the building up of molecules)
Degradation (the breaking down of molecules)

Question 11

What are 2 examples of enzyme reactions?

Answer 11

Hydrogen Peroxide with Catalase breaks down into Oxygen and Water (HPCOW)
Starch with Amylase breaks down into Maltose (SAM)

Question 12

What factors affect the activity of enzymes?

Answer 12

Temperature and pH

Question 13

What is the optimum temperature for most human enzymes?

Answer 13

37 degrees celsius

Question 14

What is the denaturing of enzymes?

Answer 14

When the pH or temperature gets too extreme, the active site of the enzyme permanently changes, meaning that they can no longer bond with their specific substrate