Extended knowledge

Question 1

What are the arches of the foot?

Answer 1

• Longitudinal arch.
• Transverse arch.

Question 2

What are the arches to do with?

Answer 2

• Bipedalism.
• When we land on a foot the arch will flatten.
• Potential energy is stored within tissues.
• When the foot is lifted off the ground tissues rebound + convert potential into kinetic energy.

Question 3

What is the windless effect?

Answer 3

• When walking your heel lifts off and toes remain flat.
• The MTP joint passively extends.
• Meaning the plantar fascia lengthens.
• And longitudinal arches are heightened.

Question 4

What is the axis of abduction + adduction at the toes?

Answer 4

At the MTP joint along the 2nd metatarsal.

Question 5

What is movement away from the MTP joint along the 2nd metatarsal?

Answer 5

Abduction.

Question 6

What is re-adduction?

Answer 6

• Abduction towards the great toe.
• Abduction of little toes.

Question 7

What ligaments make up the ‘arch’ ligaments?

Answer 7

• Plantar Calcaneonavicular Ligament (spring)
• Long plantar ligament.
• Short plantar ligament.