water cycle and water insecurity Flashcards

1
Q

How many tons of of polluted materials were discharged into the waters of Guangdong river in 2007?

A

13 billion

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2
Q

How many tons of of waste water were discharged into the waters of Guangdong river in 2007?

A

8 billion

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3
Q

When was the Bostcastle flood?

A

August, 2004

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4
Q

How much rain fell in 2 hours in Bostcastle?

A

75mm

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5
Q

give 4 causes of the bostcastle flood.

A

Ground was saturated before flood
steep sided valley
confluence of 2 rivers
low bridges trapped by trees

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6
Q

The 2015 cumbria floods were caused by what storm?

A

Storm desmond (2015)

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7
Q

How much rain fell at Honister pass (cumbria) in 24 hours?

A

340 mm

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8
Q

When was the Mississippi flood?

A

1993

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9
Q

Mississippi - levees

A

3000km up to 15m

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10
Q

Mississippi - channel straightening

A

1750km

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11
Q

When was the pakistan flood?

A

2010

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12
Q

how many died in Pakistan flood?

A

at least 1600

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13
Q

how many acres of farmland were flooded in pakistan flood?

A

1.4 million

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14
Q

what was the estimated total cost of the pakistan flood?

A

$43 billion

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15
Q

By what year was the Aral sea 10% of its original size?

A

2007

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16
Q

In what year did a private water company take over what Bolivian city?

A

2000
Cochabamba

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17
Q

Bills in Cochabamba increased by how much (%) for most people?

A

200-300%

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18
Q

How many countries is the Nile agreement between?

A

11

19
Q

The Nile provides what percentage of Egypt’s water?

A

95%

20
Q

When was the first Nile agreement?

A

1929

21
Q

What was included in the first Nile agreement?

A

significant allocations to egypt and sudan
veto powers on dam construction

22
Q

When was the Cooperative Framework Agreement signed (Nile) ?

A

2010

23
Q

What is the name of the dam announced by Ethiopia in 2011, and whn was an agreement reached?

A

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance dam
2015

24
Q

How many US states are part of the Colorado river pact?

A

7

25
Q

When was the Colorado River Pact negotiated?

A

1922

26
Q

What % of the Colorado river’s water is used before reaching Mexico?

A

90%

27
Q

How much has Colorado’s river flow been reduced by since 2000?

A

20%
(climate change)

28
Q

In 1990 Turkey shut off the flow of The Euphrates for how many days?

A

90 days

29
Q

How many dams are part of the GAP project?

A

22

30
Q

In Iraq, flows are down by how much (%)?

A

80%

31
Q

In Syria, flows are down by how much (%)?

A

40%

32
Q

How many people were relocated for the construction of the Three Gorges Dam?

A

1.3 million people

33
Q

By how much does the three gorges dam reduce coal consumption?

A

31 million tonnes per year

34
Q

What percentage of China’s water is in the south?

A

80%

35
Q

The South-North water transfer has the capacity to deliver how much freshwater annually?

A

25 billion m3

36
Q

What is the construction cost of the south-North water transfer?

A

$80 billion

37
Q

How many people where displaced by the South-North water transfer?

A

300k

38
Q

What are the 4 taps (Singapore) ?

A
  1. Imported water from Malaysia
  2. NEWater
  3. desalination
  4. local catchment water
39
Q

When does the agreement between Singapore and Malaysia end?

A

2061

40
Q

What is NEWater and it currently meets how much of there demand?

A

recycled water
30%

41
Q

desalination provides how much of singapores water?

A

25%

42
Q

3 examples of sustainable water strategies.

A

Water aid in Uganda
smart irrigation in Australia
Berlin rules

43
Q

How much has smart irrigation increased Australia’s water productivity by?

A

60%