Britain 2: growth of industrialisation

Question 1

What are the 4 factors that caused the growth of industrialisation?

Answer 1

Growth of banking
Growth of middle class
Laissez-faire policies
Non-laissez-faire policies

Question 2

Laissez-faire policies

What did the 1799 and 1800 Combinations Act do?

Answer 2

made it illegal to form unions

Question 3

Laissez-faire policies

When was the Master and Servant Act?

Answer 3

1823

Question 4

Laissez-faire policies

What did the Master and Servant Act do?

Answer 4

made failure to fulfil a contract a crime punishable with imprisonment

Question 5

Laissez-faire policies

What did it mean that once businesses were established, govt then increased their non-laissez faire policies?

Answer 5

short-term growth was caused by laissez-faire policies as it gave freedom to establish, but long-term growth needed govt regulation to ensure it was sustainable

Question 6

Laissez-faire policies

What did the 1846 repeal of the corn laws mean?

Answer 6

reduced govt protectionism on imports

Question 7

Laissez-faire policies

What act repealed the 1720 Bubble Act?

Answer 7

1826 Banking Co-partnership Act

Question 8

Laissez-faire policies

What did the 1826 Banking Co-partnership Act do?

Answer 8

limited the number of joint stock banks

Question 9

Non-laissez faire policies

What did the 1835 Municipal Corporations Act do?

Answer 9

remove local councils from control of oligarchy (political influence)

Question 10

Non-laissez faire policies

What did the 1835 Municipal Corporations Act give councils control of?

Answer 10

utilities such as sewage and water supplies

Question 11

Non-laissez faire policies

What did the 1844 Banking Charter Act do?

Answer 11

placed a cap of 20 years on the lifetime of any new Joint Stock Bank = govt committed to being engaged with economy

Question 12

Non-laissez faire policies

What did the 1833 Factory Act ban?

Answer 12

• no children under 9 could work
• children aged 9-11 to receive 2hrs schooling a day

Question 13

Non-laissez faire policies

What did the 1847 Factory Act do?

Answer 13

introduced 10hr working day

Question 14

Non-laissez faire policies

Which railway line was opened in 1825 that needed an Act of Parliament to allow the acquisition of land for the project?

Answer 14

Stockton-Darlington railway line

Question 15

Non-laissez faire policies

Why was it important the govt had power over railways?

Answer 15

they were faster than canals, allowing faster trade

Question 16

Growth of middle class

How did the free market ‘invisible hand’ economics of Adam Smith cause industrial growth?

Answer 16

there was little room for co-existence, causing competition between factories and increasing efficiency, causing growth

Question 17

In the short-term, what caused growth of industrialisation?

Answer 17

laissez-faire policies because this allowed businesses to establish

Question 18

In the long term, what caused growth of industrialisation?

Answer 18

non-laissez faire and govt intervention because this allowed the sustainability of industrialisation