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Computer Science > 1.6 > Flashcards

1.6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four issues

A

Environmental
Ethical
Logic
Cultural

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2
Q

Environmental issues

A

How we impact the natural world

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3
Q

Legal issues

A

What’s right and wrong by the eyes of the law

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4
Q

Ethical issues

A

What right or wrong by society

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5
Q

Cultural issues

A

How particular groups with particular beliefs may be affected

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6
Q

Who is affected by the actions of a technology company

A

Owners employees, shop that sells product, customers, hardware suppliers, local community

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7
Q

What is a stakeholder

A

Anyone affected by technology

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8
Q

How to make your personal information more private on the internet

A

Change your account to privacy settings

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9
Q

How is personal information shared on the internet

A

Websites require you to provide personal information to make an account
Social media actively encourage to post more personal information
Companies can make your pi available or sell it as long as stays in the privacy agreement
People might accept privacy agreement without reading or no choice to agree to use the website

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10
Q

What is censorship

A

When someone controls what others can access on the internet - some governments like china restrict access to major foreign websites like YouTube

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11
Q

How can censorship be good

A

It restricts access to pornography gambling and inappropriate websites to protect children

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12
Q

What is surveillance

A

When someone monitors what others see on the internet

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13
Q

How is surveillance good

A

Governments can use to monitor internet traffic looking for things that indicate terrorism
Protects children

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14
Q

Cons of surveillance and censorship

A

Cyber censorship - can’t use free speech online
Lack of privacy
Mass surveillance

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15
Q

How does new technology affects people’s social well-being

A

Pressures people to upgrade to latest device despite old device being fine
Peer pressure - children pressured to get lasted device as fear of getting bullied so pressure on parents
Smartphones easier to intrude on people’s lives - always be contacted by work so people can’t truly switch off
Face to face social interactions neglected as social life moves online

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16
Q

What is cyber bullying

A

Someone uses social media to deliberately harm someone else
Causes serious distress and some even driven to suicide

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17
Q

What is trolling

A

Someone tries to cause public arguments with someone else online
Done to gain attention

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18
Q

Problem of technology with cyber bullying and trolling

A

Internet gives people anonymity so people say things they wouldn’t say face to face
Easier for children to access inappropriate materials so parents and schools use control software to stop
Sexting is more often which is dangerous as people aren’t trustworthy - allows to forward images to anyone

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19
Q

Three health problems from technology

A

Eye strain
Repetitive strain injury
Back problems

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20
Q

How does technology cause eye strain and how to prevent it

A

Looking at screen for too long especially in dark lighting
Prevent with suitable lighting, keep screen at good distance and take regular breaks

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21
Q

How is repetitive strain injury caused by technology and how can it be prevented

A

Parts of body become damaged from repeated movements over long periods of time like typing
Prevent with correct posture and take regular breaks

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22
Q

How are back problems caused by technology and how can it be prevented

A

Sitting at computer for too long with poor posture
Prevent with adjustable chair, foot rest and taking breaks

23
Q

How are selfies part of technology culture

A

Become popular from phones
Social media allows to share
Can make people attention seeking or self obsessed

24
Q

How is viral part of technology culture

A

When videos image or messages are rapidly shared across social media and seen by millions
Companies can use in promotional campaign

25
How is social media part of technology culture
Allows people to publish media like art Can give a voice too people ignored
26
What is the digital divide
When some people have greater access to technology
27
How does the digital divide put people at disadvantages
Used to apply for jobs Access to services like banks
28
Causes for the digital divide
Don’t have enough Mahoney to buy devices as they’re expensive Urban areas have a greater network coverage Some don’t know how to use the internet especially old people who didn’t grow up with computers so little experience
29
What is the global divide
The level of access to technology is different in different countries Richer countries have greater access so have more opportunities
30
How are projects set up to combat the global divide
One laptop per child charity provides laptops to children in Africa, Central Asia and South America
31
What are the three acts
Data protection act Copyright, designs and patent act Computer misuse act
32
What is the data protection act and what year
2018 Controls the use of personal data
33
What six things does the data protection act cover
Data used in a fair, lawly and transparent way Only used for a specific purpose Should be relèvent not excessive Should be accurate and up to date Shouldn’t be kept longer than necessary Should be kept safe
34
What is the copyright designs and patents act and what year
1988 To protect intellectual property that anyone has created Illegal to share file without holders permission Illegal to copy the work
35
How is the copy right act hard to enforce
The internet is harder to protect due to ease of file sharing Content could be held in countries with relaxed copyright laws Illegal file sharing
36
What is the computer misuse act and what year
1990 Stops hacking and cyber crime
37
What are offences to the computer misuse act
Gaining unauthorised access to private networks by hacking Gaining access to network to commit a crime like stealing data Unauthorised modification to computers material like deleting or changing files Illegal to make supply or obtain malware
38
How are natural resources used in devices
Plastic casing from crude oil Precious metals like gold and silver occur naturally in small quantities and extracting them uses lots of energy, relates pollution and reduces source of natural resources
39
How si energy used in technology
Devices consume energy via electricity which is produced by non renewable sources and extracting and producing electricity causes pollution Devices generate heat and require cooling Waste energy by leaving devices idle which use energy without doing anything
40
How to reduce energy used by devices
Virtual servers that have software based servers not machines Don’t leave on standby Sleep modes reduce power consumption when idle
41
How much e waste each year
20-59 million tonnes
42
Why do people throw away their devices
Modern devices have a short life as they break or want upgrades Short warranties Marketing to convince to upgrade Cheaper to replace than repair
43
How to tackle e waste
Dispose of e waste safely Promote reuse like refurbishing Recycling by extracting devices precious metals
44
Where is most e waste sent and what happens to it
Certain African or Asian countries where regulations are less strict Most ends in landfill and are hazardous because toxic chemicals leak into ground water an harm wildlife
45
What is open source
Software where source code is made freely available Users can modify and create own spinoff software
46
Examples of open source software
Mozilla Firefox Linux
47
Advantages of open source
Free For greater good not profit Adapted to fit user needs Strong online community support to share ideas and solve problems Reliable and secure as fixed quickly by security
48
Disadvantages of open source
Don’t get regular updates so buggy and unpatched security holes No warranties if something goes wrong No customer support Competitors might see source code
49
What is proprietary software
Software where only the compiled code is released Usually laid for Restricts modification, copying and redistribution
50
Advantages if proprietary software
Warranties Customer support Well tested and reliable Regular fixes and updates as réputation of company depends on this Cheaper for companies than developing own custom built software
51
Disadvantages of proprietary software
Expensive Might not fit users needs and can’t do anything about it Might not maintain older software after warranties expire as they want people to buy the latest product
52
Examples of proprietary software
Microsoft Adobe
53
How do businesses use technology for music and television streaming
Music and television streaming - allows customers to listen and watch media for less money with subscriptions
54
Disadvantages of music and television streaming
Some not happy like musicians who feel companies don’t pay enough to use their music

Computer Science (10 decks)

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