1.6: ATP Flashcards
(13 cards)
what type of reaction is ATP hydrolysis? exergonic or endergonic
exergonic
what type of reaction is ATP synthesis? exergonic or endergonic
endergonic
What is ATP hydrolysis catalysed by
ATP hydrolase
What is ATP synthesis catalysed by
ATP synthase
What is formed from ATP hydrolysis
ADP + Pi (inorganic phosphate)
What is used for ATP synthesis
ADP + Pi (inorganic phosphate)
What is the role of ATP
energy donor molecule, immediate energy source, universal ( all reactions in all cells in all organisms) energy carrier molecule
List 6 advantages of ATP over glucose
1 - only one enzyme needed to hydrolyse ATP
2 - releases energy in usable quantities
3 - can be easily transported across organelle membranes not cell membranes, so needs to be synthesised in the cell that needs it - mitochondria
4 - water soluble
5 - doesn’t need to be stored
6 - easily recycled to ADP
Describe the process of ATP recycling
ATP synthesis and ATP hydrolysis occur simultaneously, where something is transferred from one reaction to the other. During respiration, energy comes in and ATP synthesis occurs. At the same time, during muscle contraction, the ATP is used for muscle contraction and ATP hydrolysis occurs
how does ATP carry out its role in a cell
the bond between the second and third phosphate group is hydrolysed by ATP hydrolase, releasing energy
Give 2 ways in which the hydrolysis of ATP is used in cells (2 marks)
1- to provide energy for muscle contraction (or other named processes)
2- to add phosphate to other substances and make them more reactive
Describe how ATP is re-synthesised in cells
ATP synthase catalyses condensation reaction between ADP and Pi forming ATP during respiration
Describe how an ATP molecule is formed from its component molecules (4 marks)
Formed from adenine, ribose, and 3 phosphates.
Condensation reaction
ATP synthase
