1.6: ETHICAL, LEGAL, CULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY 2.0

Question 1

what does a creative commons license do?

Answer 1

makes it easier and legal to share copyrighted work online.

Question 2

how do creative common licenses work?

Answer 2

help copyright owners share their work while keeping the copyright

Question 3

description of attribution:

Answer 3

The work can be copied, modified, distributed, displayed and performed but the copyright owner must be given credit.

Question 4

description of non-commercial:

Answer 4

The work can be copied, modified, distributed and displayed but no profit can be made from it.

Question 5

description of no derivative works:

Answer 5

The work can be copied, distributed, displayed and performed but cannot be modified.

Question 6

description of share-alike:

Answer 6

The work can be modified and distributed but must be covered by an identical licence.

Question 7

what is a way of classifying software?

Answer 7

ownership and licensing

Question 8

what are the two types of ownership and licensing?

Answer 8

open source software

proprietary software

Question 9

advantages of open-source software: (3)

Answer 9

• It costs nothing and provides the source code so that anyone can modify the software for their own purposes.
• It can have many authors. This enables programmers to contribute to the development of a program over time, refining and improving it and adding extra features.
• A modified version, known as a derivative, must also be made freely available for anyone else to use or adapt.

Question 10

disadvantages of open source software:

Answer 10

• There is no guarantee that it works properly as there is no requirement for anyone to ensure it is bug free.
• Support might not be readily available, especially if the program is not in widespread use.

Question 11

what does it mean when an object is copyrighted?

Answer 11

it can only be obtained by paying for a licence.

Question 12

advantages of proprietary software: (4)

Answer 12

• The product should be free of bugs. If bugs still exist, updates known as patches are often provided free of charge, which fix these bugs.
• Help can be sought from the organisation who supplied the software if problems occur.
• Feature updates which extend the software’s facilities are often available, although usually at a cost.
• Proprietary software that is in widespread use often has support available from many sources.

Question 13

disadvantages of proprietary software: (3)

Answer 13

• There is an initial or ongoing (subscription) cost.
• Software cannot be adapted to meet the needs of the user. Only the machine code version of the software is distributed, which cannot be edited.
• It can be limited to a single computer or network, so unless the licence allows it, a user may not redistribute the software.