1.6 Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration
When the chemical energy stored in glucose is released by all cells through a series of enzyme-controlled reactions.
What is generated from the energy released in the breakdown of glucose
ATP
How is ATP made
It is generated from the energy that is released from the breakdown of glucose
What cellular activities is the energy transferred by ATP used for?
Muscle cell contraction, cell division, protein synthesis and transmission of nerve impulses.
What is glucose broken down into
2 molecules of pyruvate and 2 molecules of ATP
When does aerobic respiration take place
If oxygen is present
When does fermentation take place
In the absence of oxygen
During aerobic respiration what is pyruvate is broken down into
Carbon dioxide, water and lots of ATP
During fermentation in animals what is pyruvate broken down into
Lactate
During fermentation in plant/yeast cells what is pyruvate broken down into
Carbon dioxide and ethanol
Where does respiration begin
In the cytoplasm
Where is aerobic respiration completed
In the mitochondria
Where is fermentation completed
In the cytoplasm
