Transition Metals

Question 1

What are d-block transition metals?

Answer 1

Metals with an incomplet D subshell in at least one of their ions

Question 2

What two atoms are the exception to aufbaus principle?

Answer 2

Chromium and copper atoms

Question 3

Why are there exceptions to the aufbaus principle?

Answer 3

Due to the special stability associated with the a subshell being half-filled or completely filled

Question 4

When is an element in a particular oxidation state?

Answer 4

When it has a specific oxidation number

Question 5

Conditions to find oxidation number

Answer 5

• Uncombined numbers have an oxidation state of 0
• the sum of all oxidation’s must be equal to total change of atom
• oxygen oxidation number = -2
• hydrogen oxidation state= +1

Question 6

Compounds can have different colours while containing same the metal me it the
Metal has

Answer 6

Different oxidation states

Question 7

Definition of oxidation

Answer 7

Increase in oxidation number

Question 8

Reduction meaning

Answer 8

Decrease in oxidation number

Question 9

oxidising agents are often

Answer 9

Compounds containing metals in high oxidation states

Question 10

Reducing agents are often

Answer 10

Compounds containing metals of low oxidation states

Question 11

Define legends

Answer 11

Negative ions or molecules with non-bonding pairs of electrons that they donate to the central metal atom or ion, forming a dative covalent bond

Question 12

Legends can be classified as:

Answer 12

Monodentate, bidentate, all the way up to hexadentate (bidentate meaning that it has 2 ‘teeth’, meaning it binds to two sites)

Question 13

What is the co-ordination number?

Answer 13

The total number of bonds from the ligands to the central transition metal

Question 14

D orbitals are no longer degenerate in…

Answer 14

A complex of a transition metal

Question 15

How does splitting of D orbitals to higher/lower energy levels occur?

Answer 15

Electrons present in approaching ligand cause the electrons in the orbitals lying along the axes to be repelled

Question 16

What are strong field and weak field liginds

Answer 16

Strong field ligands are legends that cause a large difference in energy between subsets of D orbitals. Weak field linings cause small differences

Question 17

What is the spectrochemical series

Answer 17

Legends are placed in order of their ability to split D orbitals

Question 18

What happens when electrons in a lower energy D orbital are promoted to a orbital of higher energy

Answer 18

Light is absorbed

Question 19

If one colour of light is absorbed what colour will be observed

Answer 19

Complementary colour

Question 20

When do electrons transition to higher energy levels?

Answer 20

When energy corresponding to the ultraviolet or visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum is absorbed

Question 21

Transition metals and their compounds can acts as…

Answer 21

Catalysts

Question 22

Define heterogeneous catalysts

Answer 22

Catalysts in different states to the reactants

Question 23

Define Homogeneous catalysts

Answer 23

Catalysts that are in the same state as the reactants