Chapter 4 Flashcards
Cells numbers are determined by
Cell proliferation, death by apoptosis, stem cell differentiation
Tissue repair is also dependant on
growth factors
Cell proliferation
increasing the number of cells by mitosis
Cell differentiation
cells become specialized by function and structure
What are the 5 phases of the cell cycle?
Gap 1, S, Gap 2, M …. Gap 0
Gap 1
cell gets ready for DNA replication and mitosis, increases in size
Synthesis
DNA synthesizes and chromosomes are replicated (10-12 hours)
Gap 2
enzymes and proteins needed for cell division are synthesized and move into place
Mitosis
formation of mitotic spindle and cell division, actually splitting occurs (1 hour)
Gap 0
no apart of cycle, resting phase
In the cell cycle there are cyclins. They are ?
proteins that control cell movement, help with DNa repair at checkpoints if error occurs
Checkpoints are..
in the cell cycle and make sure the necessary elements are available and ready to divide
What are labile, stable, and permanent cells?
labile-divide and replicate entire life
stable- enter gap 0 but can be stimulated to regenerate
Permanent- differentiated and leave cycle
What are the properties of stem cells
Self renewal- can undergo mitosis while still not differentiated
Asymmetrical replication- when replicating, one cell is differentiated and one remains a stem cells
Differentiation potential- can become more diff. with each generation
Phases of connective tissue repair
- angiogenesis and ingrowth of granulation tissue
- emigration of fibroblasts and deposition of ECM
- maturation and remodelling of fibrous tissue
