Food Webs and Ecological Pyramids 2.5 Flashcards

1
Q

Ecological Niches

A

The function a species serves in an ecosystem, including what is eats and how it behaves.

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2
Q

example of ecological niches

A

the niche of a black bear: black bears feed on nuts and berries. They may carry the seeds quite a long distance before the they digest and expel the seeds in a new area where they may germinate. Bears hibernate during the winter. Bears are often host to a variety of parasites and feeding insects

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3
Q

Types of Consumers

A

herbivore
carnivore
omnivore
scavenger

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4
Q

herbivore

A

animal that eats plants or other producers

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5
Q

carnivore

A

animal that eats other animals

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6
Q

omnivore

A

animal that eats both plants and animals

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7
Q

scavenger

A

animal that feeds on the remains of another organism

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8
Q

Food chains

A

display feeding relationships between species

and

how energy is transferred from one organism to another

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9
Q

Trophic level

A

refers to the level of an organism in an ecosystem depending on its feeding position along a food chain

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10
Q

producer - tropic level

A

(first trophic level) –
an organism that can make its own food.

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11
Q

Primary consumers - tropic level

A

(second trophic level) –
herbivores

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12
Q

Secondary consumers - tropic level

A

(third trophic level) –
omnivores/small carnivores

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13
Q

Tertiary consumers - tropic level

A

(fourth trophic level) –
larger carnivores

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14
Q

Scavengers - tropic level

A

(any level) –
feeds on the remains of other organisms

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15
Q

food chains do not really exist in nature. The real relationships between species are always much more complex.

A

TRUE

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16
Q

A more accurate way to show these relationships is with a ___________ which shows a series of interconnecting food chains in a community

A

food web

17
Q

Ecological Pyramids

A

Show the relationships between the trophic levels in ecosystems (the amount of energy, numbers or biomass)

18
Q

The atmosphere contains over _____

A

80% nitrogen

19
Q

The atmosphere contains over 80% nitrogen, but neither plants nor animals can use it. what are two ways that atmospheric nitrogen is converted to a form that is useful for plants and animals.

A

for plants - (N2) atmospheric oxygen

for animals - (through eatting plants)