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LPN School > LPN Mental Health > Flashcards

LPN Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

Milieu Therapy

A

An inpatient treatment approach involving professionals and staff members encouraging a person with a severe mental disorder to engage in prosocial and therapeutic activities.

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2
Q

Interpersonal Psychotherapy

A

a form of psychotherapy that focuses on helping clients improve current relationships.

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3
Q

Behavior Therapy

A

A type of therapy that assumes that qisordered behavior is learned and that symptom relief is achieved through changing overt matadaptive behaviors into more constructive behaviors

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4
Q

Cognitive Therapy

A

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

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5
Q

3 Stages of Group Development

A

Initial - superficial communication
Working - Real work is done
Termination - provides opportunity to learn to deal with issues

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6
Q

4 Types of Anxiety

A

Mild
Moderate
Severe
Panic

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7
Q

Mild Anxiety

A

Adaptive and motivates for change / Awareness heightened /Learning enhanced /Seldom a problem

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8
Q

Moderate Anxiety

A

hyper-alert, complains of being uptight, impaired problem solving ability.

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9
Q

Severe Anxiety

A

Feeling that something bad is about to happen
perceptual field marked narrowed,. focus on SINGLE SMALL DETAIL or SCATTERED detail of a situation, CANNOT CONNECT between events

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10
Q

Panic Anxiety

A

Unable to focus /Loss of contact with reality is possible /Wild, desperate actions or extreme withdrawal/Feelings of TERROR or of “going crazy”

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11
Q

GAD

A

General Anxiety Disorder, excessive anxiety and worry, occurring more days than not for at least 6 months.

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12
Q

GAD S/S

A

-restlessness, being easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance

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13
Q

GAD Tx

A

Best treated w/ SSRl’s, Buspirone HCL, and Effexor (Venlafaxine)

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14
Q

PTSD

A

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, an anxiety disorder associated with serious traumatic events and characterized by such symptoms as survivor guilt, reliving the trauma in dreams, numbness and lack of involvement with reality, or recurrent thoughts and images

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15
Q

PTSD Tx

A

-SSRls and benzos for sleep, nightmares, irritability

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16
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

anti-anxiety drugs that depress the central. nervous system, reduce activity, and induce relaxation and sleep; often prescribed to relieve tension, muscular strain, sleep problems, anxiety, and panic attacks (eg. valium)

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17
Q

Benzodiazepine S/E

A

tolerance and dependence within a few weeks Anterograde amnesia

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18
Q

Benzodiazepine examples

A

Valium (diazepam), ativan (lorazepam), Xanax (Alprazolam), Serax (oxazepam), Klonopin (clonazepam), Librium (chlordiazepoxide)

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19
Q

Benzo Antidote

A

Flumazenil (Romazicon): competitive antagonist of benzodiazepine receptor
-given IV for overdose or reversal

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20
Q

Somatoform Disorders

A

disorders characterized by physical symptoms for which no known physical cause exists

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21
Q

Conversion Disorder

A

a mental disorder characterized by the conversion of mental conflict into somatic forms (into paralysis or anesthesia having no apparent cause)

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22
Q

Dissociative Disorders

A

disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

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23
Q

Dissociative Amnesia

A

sudden loss of memory usually following a particularly stres sful or traumatic event

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24
Q

Dissociative Fugue

A

The sudden loss of memory for one’s personal history, accompanied by an abrupt departure from home and the assumption of a new identity

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25
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder

A

also called multiple personality disorder

26
Q

Depersonalization Disorder

A

dissociative disorder in which individuals feel detached and disconnected from themselves, their bodies, and their surroundings

27
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

Characterized by episodes of mania nd depression with periods of normal mood and activity in between

28
Q

Lithium carbonate

Therapeutic range

A

0.8 to 1.2 mEq/L

29
Q

SSRI

A

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (antidepressant drug)

30
Q

SSRI Examples

A

Fluoxetine (Paxil), Sertraline (Zoloft), Fluvoxamine (Luvox), Citalopram (Celexa), Escitalopram (Lexapro)

31
Q

SSRI S/E

A

dry mouth, blurred vision, sedation, insomnia, sexual dysfx

32
Q

Tricyclic Antidepressants

A

used for the treatment of clinical depression, OCD, most common adverse effects are sedation and anticholinergic-like effects

33
Q

Tricyclic effectiveness

A

occur within 1 to 4 weeks after therapy is initiated

34
Q

Anticholinergic side effects

A

blurred vision, dry mouth, tachycardia, constipation, urinary retention

35
Q

MAOI

A

early type of antidepressants used as last resort due to numerous side effects and food restrictions

36
Q

MAOI avoid

A

tyramine; aged cheeses, fava beans, yeast extracts, aged meats, high-yeast beers, liver, chianti wine, vermouth, aged liquors.

37
Q

MAOI S/E

A
  • insomnia (sometimes sedation), arousal
  • postural hypotension
  • dry mouth, blurring of vision, constipation
  • anorgasmia, impotence
  • tremors, twitching,
  • weight gain
  • hypertensive crisis (severe occipital headache, prolonged rise in BP)
38
Q

NMS

A

Neuroleptic maliignant syndrome. Rare but life threatening effect of antipsychotic medications. Signs: Extreme rigidity and Catatonia. Any patient who suddenly becomes rigid or unresponsive requires medical evaluation

39
Q

EPS

A

pseudo-parkinsonism, acute dystonia, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia.

40
Q

Pseudo­ Parkinsonism

A

Stooped posture, Shuffling gait, Rigidity, Bradykinesia, Tremors at rest, Pill-rolling of hand

41
Q

Acute dystonia

A

Facial grimacing
Involuntary upward eye movement
Muscle Spasms of tongue, face, neck

42
Q

Akathisia

A

Restless
Trouble standing still
Paces the floor
Feet in constant motion, rocking back and forth

43
Q

Tardive dyskinesia

A

Protrusion and rolling the tongue

Sucking and smacking movements of lips Involuntary movements of body/ extremities

44
Q

Delusions of persecution

A

dstorted sense of paranoia (“The government is watching me.”)

45
Q

Delusions of Grandeur

A

an exaggerated sense of self that has no basis in reality

46
Q

Somatic Delusions

A

client believes that their body is changing, which has no basis in reality

47
Q

Alcohol withdrawal time

A

24 - 48 hours

48
Q

Alcohol withdrawal tx

A

chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

49
Q

Withdrawal delirium peak

  • time
  • duration
A

peak 48 - 72 hrs

duration 2 - 3 days

50
Q

Asperger Disorder

A

A pervasive developmental disorder in which individuals display profound social impairment and restricted or unusual behaviors, but without language delays seen in autism.

51
Q

Anxiety

A

response to stress

52
Q

Panic Disorders

A

recurrent panic attacks

53
Q

Phobias

A

Fear of a specific object or situation to an unreasonable level

54
Q

Non-medication tx for Anxiety Disorders

A
  • cognitive retraining
  • behavioral therapy
  • eye movement desensitization therapy (EMDR)
  • Group and Family Therapy (PTSD)
55
Q

Behavioral Therapies

A
  • relaxation
  • modelling
  • step-wise desensitization
  • flooding
  • thought stopping
56
Q

OCD

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Repetitive thoughts lead to repetitive acts to relieve anxiety

57
Q

Acute stress disorder

A

traumatic event causes numbing, detachment and amnesia about event for < 4 weeks.

58
Q

Anxiolytics (Benzo’s)

A

am’s and pam’s (addictive)
Xanax
Valium
Ativan

59
Q

Anxiolytics Non-Benzo’s)

A

BuSpar (non-addictive)

60
Q

Antidepressants

A

Zoloft

Elavil

61
Q

Remeron

A

allows rest when panic attacks occur while sleeping

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